Eletrolite leakage as a technique to diagnose euphorbia heterophylla biotypes resistant to ppo-inhibitors herbicides

• Published in: Planta daninha 2011-09, Vol.29 (3), p.655-662
• Main Authors: Trezzi, M.M, Vidal, R.A, Kruse, N.D, Gustman, M.S, Xavier, E, Rosin, D, Dedordi, G.F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: PLANT SCIENCES
• ISSN: 0100-8358; 1806-9681; 0100-8358
• DOI: 10.1590/S0100-83582011000300020

The action of herbicides that affect the integrity of cell membranes and cause leakage, like PPO-inhibitors, can be detected by measuring the electric conductivity (EC) of a solution in which the plant tissue target is incubated in the presence of herbicide. The objectives of this work were to confirm PPO resistance in a new Euphorbia heterophylla (EPHHL) biotype, and to compare the electrolyte leakage from R and S to PPO-inhibitors biotypes, using two different methods of incubation in a solution containing herbicides. One experiment was carried in greenhouse and three in laboratory, with a completely randomized design. In the greenhouse experiment, four biotypes of EPHHL were sprayed with seven rates of fomesafen to confirm resistance in suspected biotypes. Leaf disks from R and S EPHHL biotypes in the second and the third experiments and entire leaves in the fourth experiment were incubated in a solution containing PPO-inhibitors to subsequently determine EC of solution. The study confirmed the resistance to PPO-inhibitors in two EPHHL biotypes. There were no significant differences between S and R biotypes in the experiments with the incubation of leaf disks, but incubation of entire leaves of EPHHL S biotype showed higher EC when in a solution with fomesafen, in comparison to the R biotype. The results of this work are an indirect evidence that resistance to PPO-inhibitors is related to lower absorption of herbicide by the shoots and also to some kind of mechanism to cope with oxidative stress. A ação de herbicidas que afetam a integridade das membranas celulares e causam extravasamento, como os inibidores da Protox, pode ser detectada através da medição da condutividade elétrica (CE) de uma solução em que tecidos da planta-alvo são incubados na presença de herbicida. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram confirmar a resistência a inibidores da Protox em um novo biótipo de Euphorbia heterophylla (EPHHL) do Brasil, e comparar o extravasamento eletrolítico em biótipos R e S a inibidores da Protox, utilizando dois métodos diferentes de incubação em solução contendo herbicidas. Um experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, e três em laboratório, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. No experimento em casa de vegetação, quatro biótipos de EPHHL foram pulverizados com sete níveis de fomesafen, para confirmar a resistência em biótipos suspeitos. No segundo e terceiro experimentos, discos foliares de biótipos de EPHHL R e S e, no quarto experimento, a fo