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Methods of overcoming dormancy in Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) seeds

Seed dormancy is a frequent phenomenon in tropical species, causing slow and non-uniform germination. To overcome this, treatments such as scarification on abrasive surface and hot water are efficient. The objective of this study was to quantify seed germination with no treatment (Experiment 1) and...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de sementes 2006-12, Vol.28 (3), p.108-115
Main Authors: Cruz, Eniel David(Embrapa Amazônia Oriental), Carvalho, José Edmar Urano de(Embrapa Amazônia Oriental)
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Seed dormancy is a frequent phenomenon in tropical species, causing slow and non-uniform germination. To overcome this, treatments such as scarification on abrasive surface and hot water are efficient. The objective of this study was to quantify seed germination with no treatment (Experiment 1) and identify an efficient method of breaking dormancy in Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke seeds (Experiment 2). The effects of manual scarification on electric emery, water at 80ºC and 100ºC and manual scarification on wood sandpaper were studied. Seeds were sown either immediately after scarification or after immersion in water for 24h in a sand and sawdust mixture. Germination and hard seed percentages and germination speed were recorded and analyzed in a completely randomized design. Analysis of germination was carried out at six, nine, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 days after sowing as a 4x2 factorial design and through regression analysis. Treatment means of the remaining variables were compared by the Tukey test. Seed germination with no treatment started on the 7th day after sowing and reached 90% on the 2310th day (Experiment 1). Significant interaction between treatments to overcome dormancy and time of immersion in water was observed (Experiment 2). In general, immersion in water increased the germination in most evaluations. The regression analyses were significant for all treatments with exception of the control treatment and immersion in water at 80ºC. Germination speed was higher when seeds were scarified on an abrasive surface (emery and sandpaper) and, in these treatments, the germination ranged from 87% to 96%, with no hard seeds. S. amazonicum seeds coats are impermeable to water, which hinders quick and uniform germination. Scarification on electric emery followed by immediate sowing, scarification on sandpaper followed by immediate sowing and sowing after 24h were the most efficient treatments for overcoming dormancy in S. amazonicum seeds. Nas espécies tropicais a ocorrência de dormência é freqüente, causando germinação lenta e desuniforme. Para superar esta dormência tratamentos como escarificação em superfície abrasiva e água quente têm sido eficientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a germinação sem tratamento (Experimento 1) e identificar métodos eficientes para superar a dormência em sementes de Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke (Experimento 2). Foi estudado o efeito da escarificação manual em esmeril elétrico, água a 80 e 100ºC
ISSN:0101-3122
0101-3122
DOI:10.1590/S0101-31222006000300016