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Morphometric identification of small mammal footprints from ink tracking tunnels in the Brazilian Cerrado

An alternative method for identifying and inventorying rodents and marsupials inhabiting forests and grasslands of Brazilian Cerrado is presented and discussed. Ink tracking tunnels were designed according to the size of target species and used to build a reference collection of small mammal footpri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista brasileira de zoologia 2007-06, Vol.24 (2), p.333-343
Main Authors: Palma, Alexandre R. T., Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:An alternative method for identifying and inventorying rodents and marsupials inhabiting forests and grasslands of Brazilian Cerrado is presented and discussed. Ink tracking tunnels were designed according to the size of target species and used to build a reference collection of small mammal footprints composed of 1408 footprints belonging to 251 individuals from 30 species (21 rodents and nine marsupials). Sherman traps and ink tracking tunnels were used to conduct inventories in gallery forests. Footprints obtained in ink tracking tunnels were digitalized and compared with those in reference collection using Discriminant Analysis (DFA). DFA allowed good footprint differentiation, even among congeneric species. In DFA analysis, the first two axis were related to size and arboreality. The efficiency of ink tracking tunnels was higher (track-success = 31%) than conventional trapping (trap-success = 14%) in inventories. Ink tracking tunnels gave a good description of the small mammal community of gallery forest by detecting rodents and marsupials of different habits, including trap-shy species. This paper also discusses advantages and limitations of ink tracking tunnels use in inventories and ecological studies, and concludes that this technique can be efficient in long-term studies and in rapid inventories as a complementary technique for trapping. Um método alternativo de identificação e inventário de roedores e marsupiais de florestas e áreas abertas do Cerrado é apresentado e discutido. Os tubos de pegadas foram projetados de acordo com o tamanho das espécies alvo e usados para construir uma coleção de referência de pegadas de pequenos mamíferos formada por 1408 pegadas pertencentes a 251 indivíduos de 30 espécies (21 roedores e nove marsupiais). Armadilhas Sherman e tubos de pegadas foram usados para conduzir inventários em matas de galeria. As pegadas obtidas nos tubos foram digitalizadas e comparadas com as da coleção de referência usando Análise Discriminante (DFA). Essas análises produziram boa diferenciação de pegadas, mesmo entre espécies congenéricas. Na análise DFA, os dois eixos foram relacionados a tamanho e arborealidade. A eficiência dos tubos de pegadas foi maior (sucesso dos tubos de pegadas = 31%) que a armadilhagem convencional (sucesso das armadilhas = 14%) nos inventários. Os tubos de pegadas forneceram boa descrição da comunidade de pequenos mamíferos em matas de galeria, detectando roedores e marsupiais de diferentes hábitos, incluin
ISSN:0101-8175
0101-8175
DOI:10.1590/S0101-81752007000200011