Evolution of disability in traffic accident victims in rehabilitation, characterized by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)

• Published in: Fisioterapia em movimento 2017-04, Vol.30 (2), p.267-275
• Main Authors: Oliveira, Ligia Regina de, Macedo, Ana Paula Fontes da Silva, Buchalla, Cássia Maria, Scatena, João Henrique Gurtler
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidentes de Trânsito; Avaliação da Deficiência; Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade; Fisioterapia; Incapacidade e Saúde; ORTHOPEDICS; Reabilitação; REHABILITATION
• ISSN: 0103-5150; 1980-5918; 0103-5150
• DOI: 10.1590/1980-5918.030.002.ao07

Abstract Introduction: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) enables monitoring of the clinical evolution of a patient. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the evolution of disabilities in patients undergoing physical therapy following traffic accidents, using the ICF. Methods: A longitudinal study of 53 accident victims was conducted between April and October 2010, in a rehabilitation unit in the capital of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Data from physical therapy evaluation were collected in 2 stages and coded by the ICF. Results: The average time between evaluation and reevaluation was 73.4 days. The evolution of functional impairment demonstrated a reduction in the number of patients with deficits, except for muscle tone functions. On initial evaluation, 90.6% had difficulty with sensory functions and pain, varying from mild to complete, decreasing to 67.9% on reevaluation, with pain still mostly present. Almost all patients (96.2%) had a disability of neuromusculoskeletal and movement related functions on initial assessment, with a decrease to 15.7% of patients on reevaluation. The greatest improvements were observed in the categories of muscle strength (36.7%) and gait pattern (30.6%). On reevaluation, improvement was also observed regarding perceived impairment of body structures, especially for those with severe and complete disability. Conclusion: The study confirmed a reduction in the percentage of patients with some form of disability, and positive development in functional capacity. The use of ICF enabled evaluation of physical disabilities and monitoring of the evolution of patients undergoing physical therapy. Resumo Introdução: A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) permite acompanhar a evolução clínica do paciente. Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a evolução das deficiências em vítimas de acidentes de trânsito, em tratamento fisioterápico, utilizando essa ferramenta. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal, com total de 53 vítimas de acidentes atendidas entre abril e outubro de 2010 em uma unidade de reabilitação na capital do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Os dados da avaliação fisioterápica foram coletados em dois momentos e codificados pela CIF. Resultados: O tempo médio entre a avaliação e a reavaliação foi 73,4 dias. Em relação à evolução das deficiências das funções do corpo observou-se redução no número de pacientes com tais alterações, exceto tônus musc