A Rare Pattern of Brachial Artery Variation: Case Report

• Published in: International journal of morphology 2014-06, Vol.32 (2), p.542-545
• Main Authors: Jacomo, A. L, Martinez, C. A. R, Saleh, S. O, Andrade, M, Akamatsu, F. E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY
• ISSN: 0717-9502; 0717-9502
• DOI: 10.4067/S0717-95022014000200027

Unlike the venous system, variations in arterial anatomy are less frequent and most of them affect visceral arteries. In limbs, variations of the brachial artery are the most reported and at least six different patterns have been described so far. The commonest is the superficial brachial artery which lies superficially to the median nerve. Much less prevalent are the high origin of the radial artery (brachioradial artery) or the existence of a doubled brachial artery (accessory brachial artery). We present a previously undescribed pattern of brachial artery variation. During dissection of the right upper limb of a 60 year-old male embalmed cadaver, we found the bifurcation of the brachial artery in the proximal portion of the middle third of the arm. Its medial branch reaches the medial aspect of the arm, posterior to the median nerve. Afterwards, this medial branch redirects laterally and crosses again the median nerve, this time lying anterior to the nerve until it reaches the lateral aspect of the arm. At the elbow level, the medial branch originates the radial artery. The lateral branch of the brachial artery remains lateral to the median nerve and continues as ulnar artery and originates the interosseus artery.