Chickpea production and soil chemical attributes after phosphorus and molybdenum fertilization

• Published in: Ciência e agrotecnologia 2018-09, Vol.42 (5), p.474-483
• Main Authors: Pegoraro, Rodinei Facco, Almeida Neta, Maria Nilfa de, Costa, Cândido Alves da, Sampaio, Regynaldo Arruda, Fernandes, Luiz Arnaldo, Neves Rodrigues, Márcio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY; Cicer arietinum L; seed yield; single superphosphate
• ISSN: 1413-7054; 1981-1829; 1981-1829
• DOI: 10.1590/1413-70542018425011618

ABSTRACT Chickpea is the third most cultivated legume in the world. In Brazil, cropping of this legume is recent and definitions of fertilizer management techniques are scarce. In this study, the objective was to evaluate chickpea (BRS Aleppo) production and soil chemical attributes with and without phosphorus fertilization and leaf-applied molybdenum. A randomized block experimental design was used, with four replications. A 2 x 5 factorial arrangement was used to evaluate production, consisting of two molybdenum fertilization management practices (with and without molybdenum) and five application rates of P2O5 (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg ha-1) in the form of single superphosphate. Soil sampling for evaluation of soil chemical attributes in the crop row and between rows was also considered. Molybdenum fertilization brought about greater stem and aboveground dry matter. Phosphorus fertilization increased stem, leaf, and seed yield, yielding a maximum of 2.83 t ha-1 seed at the rate of 200 kg ha-1 P2O5. However, maximum agronomic efficiency (8.30) was observed with the addition of 150 kg ha-1 P. Soil in the crop row attained higher concentrations of P, K, H+Al, and P-rem and reduction in pH, Ca concentration, SB, T, and V compared to between rows. Phosphorus rates reduced soil pH and increased T and the P concentrations, though only in the plant row. Between the rows, no changes were observed in soil chemical attributes, indicating low mobility of P and the acidification capacity of superphosphate in alkaline soils. RESUMO O grão-de-bico é a terceira leguminosa mais cultivada no mundo. No Brasil cultivos com essa leguminosa são recentes e definições de técnicas de manejo de fertilizantes são escassas. Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de grão-de-bico (BRS Aleppo) e os atributos químicos do solo sob doses de fósforo e molibdênio foliar. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Para avaliação da produção, adotou-se o esquema fatorial 2 x 5, consistindo de dois manejos da adubação, com ou sem molibdênio e cinco doses de P2O5 (0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 kg ha-1). Para avaliação dos atributos químicos do solo, considerou-se também a amostragem na linha e entre linha de semeadura. A adubação molíbdica propiciou maior massa seca de ramos e da parte aérea. As doses de fósforo aumentaram a massa seca de ramos, folhas e grãos, obtendo-se a produção máxima de 2,83 t ha-1 de grãos na dose 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5. Entretanto a máxima eficiência agro