Diet and body fat in adolescence and early adulthood: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

Adipose tissue is a vital component of the human body, but in excess, it represents a risk to health. According to the World Health Organization, one of the main factors determining excessive body adiposity is the dietary habit. This systematic review investigated longitudinal studies that assessed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ciência & saude coletiva 2017-05, Vol.22 (5), p.1539-1552
Main Authors: Schneider, Bruna Celestino, Dumith, Samuel Carvalho, Orlandi, Silvana Paiva, Assunção, Maria Cecília Formoso
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adolescence
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adults
Age Factors
Beverages
Body fat
Body Mass Index
Cereals
Child development
Consumption
Correlation analysis
Dairy products
Diet
Diet - standards
Estimation
Feeding Behavior - physiology
Flux density
Food
Health Policy & Services
Human body
Humans
Longitudinal studies
Milk
Soft drinks
Studies
Teenagers
Young Adult
Young adults
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Summary:Adipose tissue is a vital component of the human body, but in excess, it represents a risk to health. According to the World Health Organization, one of the main factors determining excessive body adiposity is the dietary habit. This systematic review investigated longitudinal studies that assessed the association between diet and body fat in adolescents and young adults. Twenty-one relevant papers published between 2001 and 2015 were selected. The most used method for estimating body fat was the body mass index (15 studies). Diet was most commonly assessed by estimating the consumption of food groups (cereals, milk and dairy products) and specific foods (sugar-sweetened beverages, soft drinks, fast foods, milk, etc.). Ten studies found a direct association between diet and quantity of body fat. During adolescence, adhering to a dietary pattern characterized by high consumption of energy-dense food, fast foods, sugar-sweetened beverages and soft drinks, as well as low fiber intake, appears to contribute to an increase in body fat in early adulthood. The findings of the present study suggest that the frequent consumption of unhealthy foods and food groups (higher energy density and lower nutrient content) in adolescence is associated with higher quantity of body fat in early adulthood.
ISSN:1413-8123
1678-4561
1678-4561
1413-8123
DOI:10.1590/1413-81232017225.13972015