Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public healt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brazilian journal of microbiology 2016-12, Vol.47 (S1), p.3-30
Main Authors: Gomes, Tânia A.T., Elias, Waldir P., Scaletsky, Isabel C.A., Guth, Beatriz E.C., Rodrigues, Juliana F., Piazza, Roxane M.F., Ferreira, Luís C.S., Martinez, Marina B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteriology
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - diagnosis
Diarrhea - epidemiology
Diarrhea - microbiology
E coli
Epidemiology
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - classification
Escherichia coli - pathogenicity
Escherichia coli - physiology
Escherichia coli Infections - diagnosis
Escherichia coli Infections - epidemiology
Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology
Humans
MICROBIOLOGY
Pathogenic mechanisms
Pathogens
Prevalence
Review
Virulence factor
Virulence Factors - genetics
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Summary:Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are collectively known as diarrheagenic E. coli. In this review, we have gathered information on current definitions, serotypes, lineages, virulence mechanisms, epidemiology, and diagnosis of the major diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.
ISSN:1517-8382
1678-4405
1678-4405
DOI:10.1016/j.bjm.2016.10.015