Antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition by extracts from chromatin modulated fungi

• Published in: Brazilian journal of microbiology 2018-01, Vol.49 (1), p.169-176
• Main Authors: Lima, Matheus Thomaz Nogueira Silva, Santos, Larissa Batista dos, Bastos, Rafael Wesley, Nicoli, Jacques Robert, Takahashi, Jacqueline Aparecida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase; Acetylcholinesterase - chemistry; Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism; Acetylcholinesterase inhibition; Alzheimer's disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial Proteins - chemistry; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism; Cholinesterase Inhibitors - chemistry; Cholinesterase Inhibitors - metabolism; Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Chromatin; Chromatin - metabolism; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease control; DNA; Epigenetic modulation; Fungi; Gene expression; Gene silencing; Histone deacetylase; Inhibition; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeria monocytogenes - drug effects; Listeria monocytogenes - enzymology; Listeria monocytogenes - growth & development; MICROBIOLOGY; Microorganisms; Modulators; Neurodegenerative diseases; Penicillium - chemistry; Penicillium - metabolism; Penicillium janthinellum; Penicillium sp; Research Paper; Talaromyces; Talaromyces - chemistry; Talaromyces - metabolism; Talaromyces sp
• ISSN: 1517-8382; 1678-4405; 1678-4405
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.06.004

Major health challenges as the increasing number of cases of infections by antibiotic multiresistant microorganisms and cases of Alzheimer's disease have led to searching new control drugs. The present study aims to verify a new way of obtaining bioactive extracts from filamentous fungi with potential antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, using epigenetic modulation to promote the expression of genes commonly silenced. For such finality, five filamentous fungal species (Talaromyces funiculosus, Talaromyces islandicus, Talaromyces minioluteus, Talaromyces pinophilus, Penicillium janthinellum) were grown or not with DNA methyltransferases inhibitors (procainamide or hydralazine) and/or a histone deacetylase inhibitor (suberohydroxamic acid). Extracts from T. islandicus cultured or not with hydralazine inhibited Listeria monocytogenes growth in 57.66±5.98% and 15.38±1.99%, respectively. Increment in inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity was observed for the extract from P. janthinellum grown with procainamide (100%), when compared to the control extract (39.62±3.76%). Similarly, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity increased from 20.91±3.90% (control) to 92.20±3.72% when the tested extract was obtained from T. pinophilus under a combination of suberohydroxamic acid and procainamide. Concluding, increases in antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition were observed when fungal extracts in the presence of DNA methyltransferases and/or histone deacetylase modulators were tested.