Substrates for biofilter in recirculating system in Nile tilapia larviculture production

• Published in: Revista brasileira de saúde e produção animal 2016-09, Vol.17 (3), p.553-560
• Main Authors: PEDREIRA, Marcelo Mattos, TESSITORE, Antônio Jessey de Abreu, PIRES, Aldrin Vieira, SILVA, Martinho de Almeida, SCHORER, Marianne
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRONOMY
• ISSN: 1519-9940; 1519-9940
• DOI: 10.1590/S1519-99402016000300020

SUMMARY Recirculating water system (RAS), provide to reduce water usage and to improve the quality by nutrient recycling, so biofilters are used to reduce ammonia concentrations by oxidation to nitrate, by nitrifying-bacteria. Biological filters have been utilized to maintain acceptable water parameters to larvae and juveniles, by decreasing ammonia concentrations. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate different substrates for aquarium biofilter on performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae, and water quality. One-thousand-two-hundred Nile tilapia larvae (initial length = 11.6 ± 0.82 mm; body weight (BW) =189.0 ± 0.44mg) were randomly allotted into one of twenty 6-L aquariums (60 larvae aquarium-1) with five different biofilter (4 aquariums each biofilter): (1) control, no substrate; (2) seashell-and granitic crushed stone-substrate; (3) granitic crushed stone substrate; (4) quartz gravel substrate; and (5) porcelain-substrate. The conductivity, turbidity, pH, nitrate, nitrite and ammonia values indicate that seashell and granitic crushed-stone, and porcelain-substrates had greater process of biofiltration effectiveness. Water oxygen did not differ among treatments, with all levels within the benchmark for the tilapia larvae. Fishes reared in aquarium with quartz gravel-and porcelain substrate fishes had greater BW, total and standard length compared with its from other substrates. Porcelain-substrate biofilter is indicated for tilapia larviculture due to improved weight and length and water quality. RESUMO Sistemas de recirculação de água (RAS) reduzem o uso de água e melhoram sua qualidade com a reciclagem de nutrientes, sendo os biofiltros usados para reduzir a concentração de amônia por oxidação a nitrato, por bactérias nitrificantes. Os filtros biológicos têm sido utilizados para manter os parâmetros da água aceitáveis para larvas e juvenis, diminuindo a concentração de amônia. O objetivo do experimento foi avaliar diferentes tipos de substratos para biofiltro no aquário sobre o desempenho de larvas de tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, e qualidade da água. Foram utilizadas 1.200 larvas de tilápia do Nilo (comprimento inicial = 11,58 ± 0,82mm; peso = 189,00 ± 44,0mg) foram randomicamente distribuídos em vinte aquários contendo 6 L (60 larvas aquário-1) com cinco biofiltros diferentes (4 aquários cada): (1) controle, sem substrato; (2) brita granítica e concha; (3) brita granítica; (4) cascalho de quartzo e (5) porcelana