PHENOLOGY OF Calotropis procera (Ait.) W.T. Aiton ACCESSIONS BASED ON MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

• Published in: Caatinga 2019-06, Vol.32 (2), p.543-551
• Main Authors: ALMEIDA, ISAIAS VITORINO BATISTA DE, RÊGO, MAÍLSON MONTEIRO DO, BATISTA, FABIANE RABELO DA COSTA, RÊGO, ELIZANILDA RAMALHO DO, BRUNO, RISELANE DE LUCENA ALCÂNTARA
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; por
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRONOMY; Aridity; Calotropis procera; Fertilization; FISHERIES; Flowering; FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; FORESTRY; Fruits; Germplasm; Leaf fall; Leaves; Phenology; Physiology; Planting; Plants (botany); Regression analysis; Regression models; Seeds; Soil analysis; Soil fertility; Soils; VETERINARY SCIENCES
• ISSN: 0100-316X; 1983-2125; 1983-2125
• DOI: 10.1590/1983-21252019v32n227rc

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenology of Calotropis procera accessions based on morphophysiological characteristics. Seeds of 70 C. procera accessions were collected between October 2015 and January 2016 in areas where the species naturally occurs in Northeastern Brazil. These accessions make up the current germplasm collection of the National Institute of the Semi-arid (INSA). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at INSA, in Campina Grande - PB, from January to September in 2016. The plants were cultivated in plastic pots filled with soil. Fertilization was conducted according to soil analysis recommendations and plants were irrigated at a 3-day interval. Morphophysiological characteristics were recorded 30 days after sowing (DAS) and 30-day intercalated evaluations were conducted up to 240 DAS. In addition, physiological indexes were estimated and leaf fall, flowering, and fruiting were evaluated at 120 DAS. Mean of each characteristic was obtained using the adjustment and the selection of regression models to explain the growth of C. procera based on the coefficient of determination. The vegetative stage of C. procera occurs during the 240 DAS, with continuous fall and production of leaves, while the reproductive stage begins at 153 DAS, continuing until 222 DAS, depending on the accession, making emission of inflorescences constant on plants after the beginning of flowering. The physiological indexes are efficient to estimate the growth of C. procera accessions. RESUMO Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a fenologia de acessos de C. procera com base em características morfofisiológicas. Foram coletadas sementes de 70 acessos de C. procera entre outubro de 2015 e janeiro de 2016, em áreas de ocorrência natural da espécie, na região Nordeste do Brasil. Atualmente esses acessos compõem a coleção de germoplasma do Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA). O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no INSA, em Campina Grande - PB, entre janeiro e setembro de 2016. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos plásticos preenchidos com solo, onde foi feita a adubação conforme recomendação de análise do solo e foram irrigadas em intervalos de 3 dias. Realizaram-se leituras de características morfofisiológicas, inicialmente aos 30 dias após a semeadura (DAS) com avaliações intercaladas em 30 dias até os 240 DAS. Além disso, estimaram-se os índices fisiológicos até os 120 DAS e avaliaram-se a queda de folhas, a floração e a fru