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ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Heteranthera reniformis EXTRACTS AGAINST Bipolaris oryzae1

ABSTRACT Plants synthesize specialized metabolites to defend themselves against pathogens. These active compounds, when isolated and identified, can be used as template for fungicide development. Based on field observations, Heteranthera reniformis (kidney leaf mudplantain) could potentially synthes...

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Published in:Caatinga 2021-06, Vol.34 (2), p.339-349
Main Authors: PERBONI, LAÍS TESSARI, AGOSTINETTO, DIRCEU, FARIAS, CANDIDA RENATA JACOBSEN DE, CHAVES, FÁBIO CLASEN, GARCIA, JÉSSICA RODRIGUES
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Language:English
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Summary:ABSTRACT Plants synthesize specialized metabolites to defend themselves against pathogens. These active compounds, when isolated and identified, can be used as template for fungicide development. Based on field observations, Heteranthera reniformis (kidney leaf mudplantain) could potentially synthesize compounds with antifungal activity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the fungicidal activity of H. reniformis leaf extracts on Bipolaris oryzae development. The activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of H. reniformis leaves were tested on mycelial growth, sporulation, and colony morphology. Due to the highest inhibition of B. oryzae sporulation, methanol extract was chosen for concentration tests. The effect of methanol extract on B. oryzae spore length and germination was also evaluated. Methanolic extract was the most active in inhibiting B. oryzae sporulation. The morphology of the colonies is altered when the fungus grows in medium containing H. reniformis leaf extracts. Higher concentration of methanol extract stimulates mycelial growth and suppresses B. oryzae sporulation. There are reductions in length and number of germinated B. oryzae spores caused by methanol extract of H. reniformis leaves. Methanolic extract has compounds with antifungal activity and should be subjected to bioassay-guided isolation for purification and identification of these active compounds. RESUMO As plantas sintetizam metabólitos especializados para defenderem-se contra patógenos. Estes compostos ativos, quando isolados e identificados, podem ser utilizados como modelos para o desenvolvimento de fungicidas. Baseado em observações a campo, as plantas de Heteranthera reniformis (aguapé-mirim) são promissoras na síntese de compostos com atividade antifúngica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antifúngica de extratos de H. reniformis sobre o desenvolvimento de Bipolaris oryzae. A atividade dos extratos hexano, acetato de etila e metanol de folhas de H. reniformis foi avaliada no crescimento micelial e esporulação de B. oryzae. Devido a maior inibição da esporulação de B. oryzae, o extrato metanólico foi escolhido para o experimento de concentrações. O efeito do extrato metanólico sobre a morfologia das colônias, comprimento e germinação dos esporos de B. oryzae também foi avaliado. Os resultados demonstraram que o extrato metanólico foi o mais ativo na inibição da esporulação de B. oryzae. A morfologia das colônias é alterada quando o fungo
ISSN:0100-316X
1983-2125
1983-2125
DOI:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n210rc