Assessment of maize hybrid water status using aerial images from an unmanned aerial vehicle

• Published in: Caatinga 2024, Vol.37
• Main Authors: Lopes, Alzeneide da S., Andrade Júnior, Aderson S. de, Bastos, Edson A., Sousa, Carlos A. F. de, Casari, Raphael A. das C. N., Moura, Magna S. B. de
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRONOMY; FISHERIES; FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; FORESTRY; VETERINARY SCIENCES
• ISSN: 0100-316X; 1983-2125; 1983-2125
• DOI: 10.1590/1983-21252024v3711701rc

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of vegetation indices (VIs), obtained using aerial images from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), for assessing water status of maize hybrids subjected to different water regimes under the soil and climate conditions of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Evaluations were carried out considering the application of five water regimes (WR) based on the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of ETc) for three maize hybrids: BRS 3046 (conventional triple hybrid), BRS 2022 (conventional double hybrid), Status VIP3 (transgenic simple hybrid). A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, in a 5×3 split-plot arrangement, consisting of WRs in the plots and maize hybrids in the subplots. A UAV was used for acquiring multispectral images. Eighteen VIs were evaluated and correlated with stomatal conductance (gs), leaf relative water content (RWC), and grain yield (GY). The VIs TCARI -RE and NDVI presented correlation with gs, whereas MNGRD and GCI presented correlation with RWC; therefore, they were considered promising for assessing the water status of maize plants. NDVI and WDRVI presented correlations with GY. Maps of NDVI, MNGRV, and WDRVI showed spatial correlation with gs, RWC, and GY measurements, respectively, in response to the applied WRs, denoting potential for assessing the water status of maize plants using aerial images from UAV. RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a capacidade de índices de vegetação (IV), obtidos de imagens aéreas por aeronave remotamente pilotada (ARP), em detectar o estado hídrico de híbridos de milho submetidos a diferentes regimes hídricos, nas condições de solo e clima de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Avaliou-se a aplicação de cinco regimes hídricos (RHs) com base na evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) (40%, 60%, 80%, 100% e 120% da ETc) em três híbridos de milho: BRS 3046 (híbrido triplo convencional); BRS 2022 (híbrido duplo convencional); e Status VIP3(híbrido simples transgênico). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas os RHs e as subparcelas os híbridos, com quatro repetições. Utilizou-se uma ARP para a aquisição das imagens multiespectrais. Avaliaram-se 18 índices de vegetação, os quais foram correlacionados com medidas de condutância estomática (gs), conteúdo relativo de água na folha (CRA) e produtividade de grãos (PG). Os IVs TCARI-RE e NDVI apresentaram correlação com gs e os IV