Spatio-temporal characteristics of temperature and precipitation extremes in Indonesian Borneo

• Main Authors: Supari, Tangang, Fredolin, Juneng, Liew, Aldrian, Edvin
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Annual precipitation; Annual rainfall; Maxima; Precipitation; Weather stations
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/1.4966888

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of temperature and precipitation extremes in Indonesian Borneo both in space and time. Using daily data of 15 weather stations, a subset of 12 climate extreme indices has been calculated to clarify whether the frequency, intensity and duration of temperature and precipitation extremes have changed over the last three decades. Results show that the island has clearly warmed up for the last three decades. The annual average of maximum temperature (TXmean) and minimum temperature (TNmean) increased significantly by 0.22 (0.36) °C per 10 years during the studied period. The annual number of warm days (TX90p) and warm nights (TN90p) significantly increased while the number of cool days (TX10p) and cool nights (TN10p) decreased significantly. In contrast, the trends of precipitation extremes were not clearly observed. The changes in the extreme rainfall events are generally less consistent between the different stations. However, the tendency of the island to be wetter was observed as reflected by the frequency of heavy precipitation days (R20mm), the annual maxima of daily rainfall (RX1day) and the average intensity of daily rainfall (SDII). For SDII, the regional index shows a significant increasing trend by 0.3 mm/day per decade. This study fills information gaps of how climate extremes are changing in Indonesian Borneo.