Impact of effective transport strategies to facing crises in cities

• Main Authors: Ajeel, Hussein Rasheed, Sabree, Amna Hussain
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Civil defense; Explosions; Rehabilitation; Terrorism; Traffic congestion; Transportation networks
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0092352

Cities are experiencing to many crises at all levels (security, social, economic, political, and administrative) and their causes vary, may be natural (such as earthquakes and floods) or man-made (such as wars, terrorist attacks, and explosions), and cause significant losses at the level of life and property, which calls for intervention to develop appropriate solutions to protect people. The research deals with the concept of crises of all causes, and the role of transport in protecting people and facing the risks to which they are exposed. The research discussed four strategies for facilitating the movement of people, whether they are evacuated or transferred to rescue and rehabilitation sites such as hospitals and civil defense centers. It was concluded that the important factor at this stage is the factor of rapid and safe access, this indicator was measured by simulating the conditions of the transport network in the natural conditions of Fallujah city as a case of study, and then simulating transport conditions in times of danger to show the extent to which the network is affected by these conditions through the traffic congestion index shown in the program (Transcad), and then applying the proposed strategies to indicate the extent to which each strategy achieves the goal of its implementation. It was concluded that the best strategy represented was to control the rate of vehicle occupancy where it reduced the total time of the transition by 78% as well as the total distance of trips decreased by 43%, and this strategy can be applied through reliance on group transport, but this strategy needs infrastructure and special transportation, while another strategy that is also effective at the moment can be applied in Fallujah, a strategy of managing the demand for transport, where this strategy reduced the time of transition by 75%. They can be implemented in several scenarios, including the phased transition scenario, where people are directed to move from Areas nearest danger to the farthest.