Modification of starch through strong acid hydrolysis in production of biodegradable foam by adding NaHCO3 and citric acid as blowing agent

• Main Authors: Hendrawati, Nanik, Sa’diyah, Khalimatus, Takwanto, Anang
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorbance; Acids; Baking; Blowing agents; Chlorofluorocarbons; Citric acid; Degradation; Density; Hydrolysis; Packaging; Raw materials; Reagents; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium bicarbonate; Sulfuric acid; Tensile strength
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0127607

Biodegradabel foam is an alternative packaging as the subtitute of styro foam with the main raw material from starch so that the packaging can be naturally degraded. This study was conducted to find out the effect of blowing agent toward biodegradable foam charactgeristic produced from sago starch. The starch was used as modification raw materia, the acid used for acid-alcohol hydrolysis method were HCL and H2SO4. The blowing agent used was NaHCO3 and citric acid (1,3:1) with concentration variation of 0, 10, 12, 15, and 18% w/w of starch .baking process at the temperature of 125° was employed to produce biodegradable foam production. The analyses in biodegradable foam production were water absorbance, degradability, density, tensile strength and SEM (Scanning electron microscopy). The addition of blowing agent produces low density, low tensile strength, high degradability, and high water absorbance. The result of this study shows that biodegradable foam modified using H2SO4 has low density, low tensile strength, high water absorbance and high degradability compare to biodegradable foal modified using HCl. SEM analysis of sago starch modified using HCl and H2SO4 with the best addition of blowing agent of 12% modification of H2SO4 produce morphology shape with the bigger particle/cell size compare to modification using HCl.