The meridional flow on solar cycles 22 to 24 from BPAA Pasuruan data

Sunspots are active regions with strong magnetic fields on the solar surface and appear dark in white-light images because of their low temperature compared to their surroundings. Since all solar activity is controlled by the magnetic field, thus sunspot can be represented as the solar cycle that ca...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Filawati, Siska, Al-Ghozali, Habib K., Widodo, Nanang, Hanum, Silvi O.
Format: Conference Proceeding
Language:English
Subjects:
Low temperature
Meridional flow
Solar activity
Solar cycle
Solar magnetic field
Solar surface
Sunspot cycle
Sunspots
White light
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Summary:Sunspots are active regions with strong magnetic fields on the solar surface and appear dark in white-light images because of their low temperature compared to their surroundings. Since all solar activity is controlled by the magnetic field, thus sunspot can be represented as the solar cycle that can be illustrated by butterfly diagram. We estimated the slope of butterfly diagram that indicates the sunspot drift velocity. Cycle 22 has the biggest slope compared to cycle 23 and cycle 24. These have the same results at the maximum phase of the cycle, cycle 22 has the biggest slope. The slope get bigger in cycle which had higher sunspot number which means slowing meridional flow. Our results are consistent with the preceding studies that the existence of sunspots intrude the meridional flows.
ISSN:0094-243X
1551-7616
DOI:10.1063/5.0181529