Systematic review of problem-based learning research to develop 4C skills in science education

• Published in: AIP conference proceedings 2024-05, Vol.3116 (1)
• Main Authors: Nurhayati, Suhandi, Andi, Muslim, Kaniawati, Ida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bibliometrics; Collaboration; Cooperation; Creativity; Critical thinking; Education; Literature reviews; Problem based learning; Science education; Skills
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0210708

4C Skills refer to four essential skills needed for education and development in the 21st century. These skills include critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity. 4C skills can be developed through learning by applying learning models that can train these skills. The problem-based learning model is a practical approach to developing 4C skills. This study aims to review indexed articles explaining how the PBL model develops 4C skills in science learning. The data for this study were researched using the Scopus database and focused on problem-based learning models and 4C skills (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity) in science education. This search was an exceptional literature review using the four-step PRISMA approach to identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. Sixty-three relevant articles from 22 Scopus-indexed journals over the past six years (2018-2023) were analyzed using bibliometrics and Excel spreadsheets. Based on the results, the PBL model and 4C skills research were mainly carried out at the upper secondary level, and Indonesia is the country with the most publications. Physics is a widely studied field that uses a quantitative method. Based on the results of the review of articles, it is clear that the PBL model can be used to develop 4C skills, especially critical thinking.