CO 2 emissions, GDP and trade: a panel cointegration approach

This paper examines the relationships among per capita CO 2 emissions, per capita GDP and international trade based on panel data spanning the period 1960–2008 for 150 countries. A distinction is also made between OECD and non-OECD countries to capture the differences of this relationship between de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of sustainable development and world ecology 2017-05, Vol.24 (3), p.193-204
Main Author: Cialani, Catia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CO2 emissions
Complex Systems – Microdata Analysis
GDP
international trade
Komplexa system - mikrodataanalys
panel data
panel ECM
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Summary:This paper examines the relationships among per capita CO 2 emissions, per capita GDP and international trade based on panel data spanning the period 1960–2008 for 150 countries. A distinction is also made between OECD and non-OECD countries to capture the differences of this relationship between developed and developing economies. We apply panel unit root and cointegration tests and estimate a panel error correction model. The results from the error correction model suggest that there are long-term relationships between the variables for the whole sample and for non-OECD countries. Finally, Granger causality tests show that there is bidirectional short-term causality between per capita GDP and international trade for the whole sample and between per capita GDP and CO 2 emissions for OECD countries.
ISSN:1350-4509
1745-2627
1745-2627
DOI:10.1080/13504509.2016.1196253