The Effect of Adding V and Nb Microalloy Elements on the Bake Hardening Properties of ULC Steel before and after Annealing

Bake hardening (BH) is a vital part of special steel production. Studies in this field have focused on steels under homogeneous yielding, but until now, none have been conducted on the phenomena that occur for steels under heterogeneous yielding. In the current study, the effect of adding Nb and V a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2023-02, Vol.16 (4), p.1716
Main Authors: Ghanaei, Afshin, Edris, Hossein, Monajati, Hossein, Hamawandi, Bejan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alloying elements
Alloys
Annealing
annealing temperature
Automobile industry
bake hardening
Baking
Carbon
Cold hammering
Cold rolling
Cold working
Electric induction furnaces
Energy consumption
Grain size
High strength steel
Hot rolling
Low carbon steels
Manufacturing
Nitrogen
pre-strain
Precipitation hardening
Recrystallization
Solid solutions
Steel
Tensile strain
Tensile tests
UTS
Yield stress
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Summary:Bake hardening (BH) is a vital part of special steel production. Studies in this field have focused on steels under homogeneous yielding, but until now, none have been conducted on the phenomena that occur for steels under heterogeneous yielding. In the current study, the effect of adding Nb and V alloying elements on the strength of ultra-low carbon (ULC) steel after bake hardening was investigated. The effects of pre-strain, grain size, and recrystallization annealing temperature were analyzed, as well as the effect of Nb and V on the yield stress caused by the bake hardening process. For this purpose, five types of alloys with different V and Nb contents were melted, cast in an induction furnace, and subjected to hot hammering and hot rolling. Then, cold rolling was applied to the samples by ~80%. To eliminate the effects of cold working, tensile samples were subjected to recrystallization annealing at 750 and 800 °C for 30 min, and the samples were quickly quenched in a mixture of a NaCl solution and ice. The annealed samples were subjected to a pre-tensile strain in the range of 2-12% and then aged in a silicone oil bath at 180 °C for 30 min. Then they were subjected to a tensile test. The obtained results showed that with the increase of the pre-strain and the annealing temperature, the values of baking hardness increased. The presence of V in the composition of steel reduced the annealing temperature.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma16041716