Methods for studying microbial acid stress responses: from molecules to populations

Abstract The study of how micro-organisms detect and respond to different stresses has a long history of producing fundamental biological insights while being simultaneously of significance in many applied microbiological fields including infection, food and drink manufacture, and industrial and env...

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Published in:FEMS microbiology reviews 2024-09, Vol.48 (5)
Main Authors: Atasoy, Merve, Bartkova, Simona, Çetecioğlu-Gürol, Zeynep, P Mira, Nuno, O'Byrne, Conor, Pérez-Rodríguez, Fernando, Possas, Aricia, Scheler, Ott, Sedláková-Kaduková, Jana, Sinčák, Mirka, Steiger, Matthias, Ziv, Carmit, Lund, Peter A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid resistance
acid stress responses
acid tolerance
Acids
Acids - metabolism
Bacteria - metabolism
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
Biotechnology
Cell survival
Food industry
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
microbiological methods
Microorganisms
Population studies
Populations
Review
Stress, Physiological
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Summary:Abstract The study of how micro-organisms detect and respond to different stresses has a long history of producing fundamental biological insights while being simultaneously of significance in many applied microbiological fields including infection, food and drink manufacture, and industrial and environmental biotechnology. This is well-illustrated by the large body of work on acid stress. Numerous different methods have been used to understand the impacts of low pH on growth and survival of micro-organisms, ranging from studies of single cells to large and heterogeneous populations, from the molecular or biophysical to the computational, and from well-understood model organisms to poorly defined and complex microbial consortia. Much is to be gained from an increased general awareness of these methods, and so the present review looks at examples of the different methods that have been used to study acid resistance, acid tolerance, and acid stress responses, and the insights they can lead to, as well as some of the problems involved in using them. We hope this will be of interest both within and well beyond the acid stress research community. This review covers the main methods that are used to study microbial acid stress responses.
ISSN:1574-6976
0168-6445
1574-6976
DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae015