Ferromagnetism in ZnO co-doped with Mn and N studied by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

We have investigated the electronic structure of ZnO:Mn and ZnO:Mn,N thin films using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and resonance-photoemission spectroscopy. From the Mn 2 p → 3 d XMCD results, it is shown that, while XMCD signals only due to paramagnetic Mn 2+ ions were observed in ZnO:M...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics letters 2011-09, Vol.99 (13), p.132508-132508-3
Main Authors: Kataoka, T., Yamazaki, Y., Singh, V. R., Sakamoto, Y., Fujimori, A., Takeda, Y., Ohkochi, T., Fujimori, S.-I., Okane, T., Saitoh, Y., Yamagami, H., Tanaka, A., Kapilashrami, M., Belova, L., Rao, K. V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
circular dichroism
exchange interactions (electron)
Fermi level
ferromagnetic materials
ground states
II-VI semiconductors
localised states
magnetic moments
magnetic thin films
manganese
nitrogen
paramagnetic materials
photoelectron spectra
semiconductor thin films
valence bands
zinc compounds
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Summary:We have investigated the electronic structure of ZnO:Mn and ZnO:Mn,N thin films using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and resonance-photoemission spectroscopy. From the Mn 2 p → 3 d XMCD results, it is shown that, while XMCD signals only due to paramagnetic Mn 2+ ions were observed in ZnO:Mn, nonmagnetic, paramagnetic, and ferromagnetic Mn 2+ ions coexist in ZnO:Mn,N. XMCD signals of ZnO:Mn,N revealed that the localized Mn 2+ ground state and Mn 2+ state hybridized with ligand hole coexisted, implying p-d exchange coupling. In the valence-band spectra, spectral weight near the Fermi level was suppressed, suggesting that interaction between magnetic moments in ZnO:Mn,N has localized nature.
ISSN:0003-6951
1077-3118
1077-3118
DOI:10.1063/1.3643044