Effect of alendronate and intermittent parathyroid hormone on implant fixation in ovariectomized rats

Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leads to bone formation by increasing osteoblast numbers and activity levels. Animal studies have shown that intermittent PTH administration increases implant fixation in normal rats. The purpose of this study was to analyze the osseous incorp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2009-03, Vol.14 (2), p.138-143
Main Authors: Skripitz, R., Johansson, H.R., Ulrich, S.D., Werner, A., Aspenberg, P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alendronate - pharmacology
Animals
Bone Density - drug effects
Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology
Female
Implants, Experimental
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
Medicine & Public Health
Original Article
Orthopedics
Osteogenesis - drug effects
Osteoporosis - complications
Osteoporosis - drug therapy
Ovariectomy
Parathyroid Hormone - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Rheumatology
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Summary:Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leads to bone formation by increasing osteoblast numbers and activity levels. Animal studies have shown that intermittent PTH administration increases implant fixation in normal rats. The purpose of this study was to analyze the osseous incorporation of an implant in osteoporotic rats while treating them with intermittent PTH (1-34) or alendronate. A total of 36 ovariectomized (OVX) Wistar rats were randomized into three groups. Polymethylmethacrylate cement rods were implanted in one tibia in each rat. The three groups received daily PTH (60 |xg/kg body weight [BW]), alendronate (200 |xg/kg BW), or saline (0.5 ml/kg BW). A sham-ovariectomized group (n = 12) was treated with saline. After 2 weeks, the area around the implants was analyzed by histomorphometry for bone volume density (BVD) and implant bone contact. Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The BVD was higher in the specimens treated with PTH than in the other groups. PTH improved the BVD, BMD, and implant bone contact. Alendronate doubled the implant bone contact compared to the OVX and sham groups but did not improve BVD or BMD. These findings confirm that intermittent PTH enhances implant fixation in osteoporotic bone. The clinical significance of these findings is that application of intermittent PTH may be beneficial for early implant fixation in fractures, nonunions, and prosthetic replacements when bone density is decreased.
ISSN:0949-2658
1436-2023
DOI:10.1007/s00776-008-1311-x