Concentration Ratios of Methamphetamine to Amphetamine in Blood Can Help to Distinguish Use of Methamphetamine from Various Mixtures of the Two Stimulants

Using a forensic toxicology database, the authors investigated cases of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) if methamphetamine (MA) was identified in the blood samples (N = 9,310). The concentrations of MA and amphetamine (AM) in blood were determined after liquid-liquid extraction by gas ch...

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Published in:Journal of analytical toxicology 2012-11, Vol.36 (9), p.634-637
Main Authors: Jones, A.W., Holmgren, A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
amines
Amphetamine
Amphetamine - blood
Automobile Driving
Biological and medical sciences
Contamination
Drug abuse
Drug addictions
Female
Forensic science
Forensic Toxicology
Gas chromatography
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Humans
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Male
Mass spectroscopy
Medical sciences
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine - blood
Quantitation
Stimulants
Substance Abuse Detection - methods
Sweden
Toxicology
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description Using a forensic toxicology database, the authors investigated cases of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) if methamphetamine (MA) was identified in the blood samples (N = 9,310). The concentrations of MA and amphetamine (AM) in blood were determined after liquid-liquid extraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at limits of quantitation of 0.03 mg/L for both stimulants. In 814 cases, AM was negative in blood and MA was positive at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.19 mg/L (0.11 mg/L) and 3.4 mg/L, respectively. Both amines were present in blood in 8,496 cases at concentrations of 0.54 mg/L (0.35 mg/L) and 10.4 mg/L for AM and 0.41 mg/L (0.22 mg/L) and 5.6 mg/L for MA. However, the correlation between AM and MA was low and insignificant (r = −0.13) in the whole material. The coefficient of correlation increased to r = 0.41 (P < 0.001) when the MA/AM concentration ratio was >1. When MA/AM ratios were selected at intervals of 1.0 (e.g., >3.0 and 9.0 and
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jat/bks075
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The concentrations of MA and amphetamine (AM) in blood were determined after liquid-liquid extraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at limits of quantitation of 0.03 mg/L for both stimulants. In 814 cases, AM was negative in blood and MA was positive at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.19 mg/L (0.11 mg/L) and 3.4 mg/L, respectively. Both amines were present in blood in 8,496 cases at concentrations of 0.54 mg/L (0.35 mg/L) and 10.4 mg/L for AM and 0.41 mg/L (0.22 mg/L) and 5.6 mg/L for MA. However, the correlation between AM and MA was low and insignificant (r = −0.13) in the whole material. The coefficient of correlation increased to r = 0.41 (P &lt; 0.001) when the MA/AM concentration ratio was &gt;1. When MA/AM ratios were selected at intervals of 1.0 (e.g., &gt;3.0 and &lt;4.0 up to &gt;9.0 and &lt;10.0), the correlation between AM and MA was r = 0.99 (P &lt; 0.001). 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The concentrations of MA and amphetamine (AM) in blood were determined after liquid-liquid extraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at limits of quantitation of 0.03 mg/L for both stimulants. In 814 cases, AM was negative in blood and MA was positive at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.19 mg/L (0.11 mg/L) and 3.4 mg/L, respectively. Both amines were present in blood in 8,496 cases at concentrations of 0.54 mg/L (0.35 mg/L) and 10.4 mg/L for AM and 0.41 mg/L (0.22 mg/L) and 5.6 mg/L for MA. However, the correlation between AM and MA was low and insignificant (r = −0.13) in the whole material. The coefficient of correlation increased to r = 0.41 (P &lt; 0.001) when the MA/AM concentration ratio was &gt;1. When MA/AM ratios were selected at intervals of 1.0 (e.g., &gt;3.0 and &lt;4.0 up to &gt;9.0 and &lt;10.0), the correlation between AM and MA was r = 0.99 (P &lt; 0.001). 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The concentrations of MA and amphetamine (AM) in blood were determined after liquid-liquid extraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at limits of quantitation of 0.03 mg/L for both stimulants. In 814 cases, AM was negative in blood and MA was positive at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.19 mg/L (0.11 mg/L) and 3.4 mg/L, respectively. Both amines were present in blood in 8,496 cases at concentrations of 0.54 mg/L (0.35 mg/L) and 10.4 mg/L for AM and 0.41 mg/L (0.22 mg/L) and 5.6 mg/L for MA. However, the correlation between AM and MA was low and insignificant (r = −0.13) in the whole material. The coefficient of correlation increased to r = 0.41 (P &lt; 0.001) when the MA/AM concentration ratio was &gt;1. When MA/AM ratios were selected at intervals of 1.0 (e.g., &gt;3.0 and &lt;4.0 up to &gt;9.0 and &lt;10.0), the correlation between AM and MA was r = 0.99 (P &lt; 0.001). 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source Alma/SFX Local Collection; Oxford University Press:Jisc Collections:OUP Read and Publish 2024-2025 (2024 collection) (Reading list)
subjects amines
Amphetamine
Amphetamine - blood
Automobile Driving
Biological and medical sciences
Contamination
Drug abuse
Drug addictions
Female
Forensic science
Forensic Toxicology
Gas chromatography
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Humans
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Male
Mass spectroscopy
Medical sciences
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine - blood
Quantitation
Stimulants
Substance Abuse Detection - methods
Sweden
Toxicology
title Concentration Ratios of Methamphetamine to Amphetamine in Blood Can Help to Distinguish Use of Methamphetamine from Various Mixtures of the Two Stimulants
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