Roadmap to hybrid offshore system with hydrogen and power co-generation

• Published in: Energy conversion and management 2021-11, Vol.247, p.114690, Article 114690
• Main Authors: Yan, Yamin, Zhang, Haoran, Liao, Qi, Liang, Yongtu, Yan, Jinyue
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Costs; Economic performance; Electric power transmission networks; Electric utilities; Electricity production; Energy security; Hybrid system; Hybrid systems; Hydrogen production; Levelized energy costs; Offshore distances; Offshore oil well production; Offshore systems; Offshore wind; Offshore wind farms; Offshore winds; Power; Sensitivity analysis; Techno-economic assessment; The net present value (NPV); Transportation mode; Unloading; Wind
• ISSN: 0196-8904; 1879-2227; 1879-2227
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114690

•A tech-economic assessment method is proposed to analyze the offshore system.•The competitiveness of various scenarios to export hydrogen/electricity is studied.•Significant increase in benefits selling hydrogen than electricity.•Provide essential guidance for investors to deal with the hybrid offshore system. Constrained by the expansion of the power grid, the development of offshore wind farms may be hindered and begin to experience severe curtailment or restriction. The combination of hydrogen production through electrolysis and hydrogen-to-power is considered to be a potential option to achieve the goal of low-carbon and energy security. This work investigates the competitiveness of different system configurations to export hydrogen and/or electricity from offshore plants, with particular emphasis on unloading the mixture of hydrogen and electricity to end-users on land. Including the levelized energy cost and net present value, a comprehensive techno-economic assessment method is proposed to analyze the offshore system for five scenarios. Assuming that the baseline distance is 10 km, the results show that exporting hydrogen to land through pipelines shows the best economic performance with the levelized energy cost of 3.40 $/kg. For every 10 km increase in offshore distance, the net present value of the project will be reduced by 5.69 MU$, and the project benefit will be positive only when the offshore distance is less than 53.5 km. An important finding is that the hybrid system under ship transportation mode is not greatly affected by the offshore distance. Every 10% increase in the proportion of hydrogen in the range of 70%–100% can increase the net present value by 1.43–1.70 MU$, which will increase by 7.36–7.37 MU$ under pipeline transportation mode. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to analyze the wind speed, electricity and hydrogen prices on the economic performance of these systems.