Mobilisation of heavy metals by deicing salts in a roadside environment

The seasonal variations of some selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and principal anions in soil solutions were monitored as a function of distance from the road at two field sites in Sweden. During the winter, the conductivity, concentrations of dissolved sodium and chloride increased dramati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2004-02, Vol.38 (3), p.720-732
Main Authors: Bäckström, Mattias, Karlsson, Stefan, Bäckman, Lars, Folkeson, Lennart, Lind, Bo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Biological and physicochemical properties of pollutants. Interaction in the soil
cadmium
capillary electrophoresis
Chloride complexes
Colloids
contaminated soils
contamination
Deicing
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Enviromental Science
Environmental Monitoring
Exact sciences and technology
fulvic-acid
groundwater
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Ice
Ion Exchange
lead activity
Metals, Heavy - chemistry
Miljövetenskap
NATURAL SCIENCES
NATURVETENSKAP
Organic Chemicals
organic-matter
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
sandy soil
Seasons
Sodium Chloride - chemistry
Soil and sediments pollution
Soil solution
stream water
Sweden
Transportation
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Summary:The seasonal variations of some selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and principal anions in soil solutions were monitored as a function of distance from the road at two field sites in Sweden. During the winter, the conductivity, concentrations of dissolved sodium and chloride increased dramatically due to the application of deicing agents (i.e. NaCl). Due to ion exchange, the pH decreased one unit in the soil solutions, whereas the concentrations of total organic carbon decreased due to coagulation and/or sorption to stationary solids. The heavy metal concentrations increased during the winter, but through different mechanisms. Cadmium concentrations in the aqueous phase increased as a response to ion exchange, possibly also enhanced by the formation of chloride complexes. Similarly, the concentrations of zinc increased, due to ion exchange, with calcium and protons. The mechanisms of mobilisation for copper and lead were not that clear probably due to association with coagulated or sorbed organic matter in combination with colloid dispersion.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.006