Low cumulative incidence of end-stage renal disease in young patients with type 1 diabetes in Sweden: a population based study

• Published in: Diabetologia 2015, Vol.58 (Suppl. 1 Abstr. 402), p.S201
• Main Authors: Toppe, Cecilia, Möllsten, Anna, Schön, Staffan, Dahlquist, Gisela
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1432-0428; 0012-186X

Background and aims: A previous study from our group showed a low cumulative incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a Swedish cohort of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients with median duration of 20 years. We speculated that a good diabetes health care system might have postponed the peak incidence of ESRD and that young age at onset of T1D can postpone the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and ESRD. Moreover, diabetes onset during puberty may promote the development of diabetic complications. Our previous study also indicated differences by sex in ESRD development and a possible interaction with age at onset. Female patients who developed T1D after puberty had similar risk of ESRD as those with onset before 10 years of age. Male patients had the same high risk with onset during puberty and after puberty, those with onset before 10 years had the lowest risk. The aims of the present study are to assess the cumulative incidence of ESRD due to DN in a large prospective population-based cohort of T1D patients at maximum 36 years of diabetes duration and to study the effects of sex and age at onset of T1D. Materials andmethods: Since 1977 all incident cases of T1D in the ages 0-14 years are recorded in the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Register (SCDR). The Swedish Renal Registry (SRR) started in 1991 and collects data on all patients with active uraemia treatment, ESRD. We decided to include patients with diabetes duration ≥14 years. In total 9381 patients from the SCDR were included. We have recently received permission to include data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register, a national quality register, and are awaiting data to include patients with age at onset 15-34 years. Results: For the childhood onset cases the median diabetes duration was 23.8 years, maximum 36.7 years, and 154 patients had developed ESRD due to diabetes. The cumulative incidence was 4.5%. There was no statistical difference between male and female patients with age at diabetes onset before 15 years of age, males 5.0%, females 3.8%.We confirm that onset of diabetes before 10 years of age postpones the development of ESRD when compared to onset during 10-14 years, HR 2.3 (95% CI= 1.7-3.3). Further analyses will be available for presentation in September. Conclusion: The cumulative risk of ESRD due to diabetic nephropathy in Swedish T1D patients at maximum36 years of diabetes duration is still exceptionally low. There is no difference in the development of ESRD between male an