Decreased Symptoms without Augmented Skin Blood Flow in Subjects with RLS/WED after Vibration Treatment

• Published in: Journal of clinical sleep medicine 2016-07, Vol.12 (7), p.947-952
• Main Authors: Mitchell, Ulrike H, Hilton, Sterling C, Hunsaker, Erik, Ulfberg, Jan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood Flow Velocity - physiology; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Humans; hypoxia; Male; Middle Aged; Regional Blood Flow - physiology; restless legs syndrome; Restless Legs Syndrome - therapy; Scientific Investigations; Skin - blood supply; Treatment Outcome; Vibration - therapeutic use; WBV
• ISSN: 1550-9389; 1550-9397; 1550-9397
• DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.5920

Vascular disturbances leading to tissue hypoxia have been named as a possible cause for RLS/WED. Vibration to the whole body (WBV) in subjects with RLS/WED results in increased skin blood flow (SBF). The aims of this investigation were to (1) determine if a two-week treatment with WBV will decrease symptoms associated with RLS/WED and, (2) if so, determine if the mechanism for improvement in symptoms is related to an increase in SBF, as measured in flux. Eleven subjects with RLS/WED underwent 2 weeks of 14-minute intermittent WBV and a 2-week sham treatment in randomized order. Pre and post intervention RLS symptom severity were compared. Baseline SBF was compared between subjects with RLS/WED and an age- and sex-matched control group. A crossover design (aim 1) and a matched case-control design and repeated measures design (aim 2) were used. The data analyses consisted of 2-sample and paired t-tests; where applicable we used a standard crossover design adjustment. WBV did significantly decrease symptoms associated with RLS/WED compared to baseline data and compared to sham treatment. The baseline flux was significantly lower in RLS/WED subjects than matched controls, but this deficit was negated with WBV. There was no increase in resting SBF over the 2 weeks of treatment. Subjects with RLS/WED have decreased SBF but are able to increase flux to the same level as normal subjects with WBV. A 2-week intervention with WBV decreases symptoms associated with RLS/WED, but this does not seem to be related to an increase in resting SBF.