A Global Look at Time: A 24-Country Study of the Equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative,...

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Published in:SAGE open 2014-01, Vol.4 (1), p.1
Main Authors: Sircova, Anna, van de Vijver, Fons J. R., Osin, Evgeny, Milfont, Taciano L., Fieulaine, Nicolas, Kislali-Erginbilgic, Altinay, Zimbardo, Philip G., Djarallah, Slimane, Chorfi, Mohamed Seghir, Leite, Umbelina do Rego, Lin, Hui, Lv, Houchao, Bunjevac, Tomislav, Tomaš, Tena, Punek, Jasmina, Vrlec, Anica, Matić, Jelena, Bokulić, Marko, Klicperová-Baker, Martina, Koštʹ ál, Jaroslav, Seema, Riin, Baltin, Arno, Apostolidis, Themistoklis, Pediaditakis, Daphne, Griva, Fay, Anagnostopoulos, Fotios, Carmi, Nurit, Goroshit, Marina, Peri, Martina, Shimojima, Yumi, Sato, Koichi, Ochi, Keita, Kairys, Antanas, Liniauskaite, Audrone, Corral-Verdugo, Víctor, Przepiorka, Aneta, Blachnio, Agata, Ortuño, Victor E. C., Gamboa, Vítor, Mitina, Olga, Semyenova, Nadezhda, Gerasimova, Valentina, Rawski (Nepryakho), Tatiana, Kuleshova, Ekaterina, Polskaya, Natalia, Tulinov, Nikolaj, Romanko, Isabella, Semina, Yulia, Nikitina, Ekaterina, Yasnaya, Vera, Davydova, Irina, Utyasheva, Elsa, Emeliyanova, Irina, Ershova, Regina, Nedeljkovic, Jasmina, Morales, Juan Francisco Díaz, Carelli, Maria Grazia, Wiberg, Britt, Boniwell, Ilona, Linley, P. Alex, Boyd, John Nathan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cross-cultural research
equivalence
time perspective
Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory
ZTPI
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Summary:In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes.
ISSN:2158-2440
2158-2440
DOI:10.1177/2158244013515686