An Experience Sampling Study of Emotional Reactions to Music: Listener, Music, and Situation

The Experience Sampling Method was used to explore emotions to music as they naturally occurred in everyday life, with a focus on the prevalence of different musical emotions and how such emotions are related to various factors in the listener, the music, and the situation. Thirty-two college studen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emotion (Washington, D.C.) D.C.), 2008-10, Vol.8 (5), p.668-683
Main Authors: Juslin, Patrik N, Liljeström, Simon, Västfjäll, Daniel, Barradas, Gonçalo, Silva, Ana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living - psychology
Adult
Affectivity. Emotion
Auditory Stimulation
Biological and medical sciences
Computers, Handheld
emotion
Emotions
everyday life
experience sampling method
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Life Experiences
Male
Music
music listening
Personality
Personality. Affectivity
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psykologi
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP
Set (Psychology)
Social Environment
SOCIAL SCIENCES
Socialvetenskap
Surveys and Questionnaires
Young Adult
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Summary:The Experience Sampling Method was used to explore emotions to music as they naturally occurred in everyday life, with a focus on the prevalence of different musical emotions and how such emotions are related to various factors in the listener, the music, and the situation. Thirty-two college students, 20 to 31 years old, carried a palmtop that emitted a sound signal seven times per day at random intervals for 2 weeks. When signaled, participants were required to complete a questionnaire on the palmtop. Results showed that music occurred in 37% of the episodes, and in 64% of the music episodes, the participants reported that the music affected how they felt. Comparisons showed that happiness-elation and nostalgia-longing were more frequent in episodes with musical emotions, whereas anger-irritation , boredom-indifference , and anxiety-fear were more frequent in episodes with nonmusical emotions. The prevalence of specific musical emotions correlated with personality measures and also varied depending on the situation (e.g., current activity, other people present), thus highlighting the need to use representative samples of situations to obtain valid estimates of prevalence.
ISSN:1528-3542
1931-1516
1931-1516
DOI:10.1037/a0013505