Viral and Molecular Aspects of Oral Cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy in the oral cavity. SCCs and their variants constitute over 90% of oral malignancies, and the disease is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is a complex malignancy where environmental factors, virus infections, and genetic alte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anticancer research 2012-10, Vol.32 (10), p.4201-4212
Main Authors: SALMON HILLBERTZ, Nicolette, HIRSCH, Jan-Michaél, JALOULI, Jamshid, JALOULI, Miranda M, SAND, Lars
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects
alcohols
Animals
BCL-2
Bcl-2 protein
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - etiology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - virology
CCND1
cyclin D1
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21
EBV
Environmental factors
Epstein-Barr virus
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - complications
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - virology
FGF19
FGF3
FGF4
Fibroblast growth factor 3
Fibroblast growth factor 4
Herpes Simplex - complications
Herpes Simplex - virology
Herpes simplex virus
HPV
HSV-1
Human papillomavirus
Humans
Infection
Infectious diseases
Keratin
keratins
Lymphocytes B
Malignancy
Medical sciences
Mice
Mouth Neoplasms - etiology
Mouth Neoplasms - genetics
Mouth Neoplasms - virology
Nicotiana - adverse effects
Oncogene Proteins - analysis
Oncogene Proteins - genetics
Oncogenes
Oral cancer
Oral cavity
ORAOV1
p16(INK4A) and p21(WAF1/CIP1)
p53
p53 protein
Papillomavirus Infections - complications
Papillomavirus Infections - virology
Prognosis
Rats
review
Reviews
Risk Factors
Risk groups
Smoking - adverse effects
squamous cell carcinoma
survivin
Tobacco
Tumors
Viral diseases
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Summary:Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy in the oral cavity. SCCs and their variants constitute over 90% of oral malignancies, and the disease is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is a complex malignancy where environmental factors, virus infections, and genetic alterations most likely interact, and thus give rise to the malignant condition. Herein, we review the available literature regarding high-risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco usage; discuss the roles of human papillomaviruses (HPV), the Epstein-Barr virus, and the human herpes simplex virus (HSV); and evaluate several candidate genes associated with the condition: p53, p16(INK4) and p21(WAF1/CIPI), survivin, B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), keratins, Fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3), FGF4, FGF19, Oral cancer overexpressed gene 1 (ORAOV1), and Cyclin D1 (CCND1).
ISSN:0250-7005
1791-7530
1791-7530