Estimating a marginal causal odds ratio in a case-control design: analyzing the effect of low birth weight on the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Estimation of marginal causal effects from case‐control data has two complications: (i) confounding due to the fact that the exposure under study is not randomized, and (ii) bias from the case‐control sampling scheme. In this paper, we study estimators of the marginal causal odds ratio, addressing t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Statistics in medicine 2013-06, Vol.32 (14), p.2500-2512
Main Authors: Persson, Emma, Waernbaum, Ingeborg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biostatistics
Birth weight
Case-Control Studies
causal effect
Causality
Child
Clinical trials
Computer Simulation
design weighting
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - etiology
Estimating techniques
Humans
incidence register
Infant, Low Birth Weight
Infant, Newborn
Likelihood Functions
Logistic Models
Medical statistics
Odds Ratio
potential outcomes
Prevalence
Registries - statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Simulation
Statistics
statistik
Sweden - epidemiology
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Summary:Estimation of marginal causal effects from case‐control data has two complications: (i) confounding due to the fact that the exposure under study is not randomized, and (ii) bias from the case‐control sampling scheme. In this paper, we study estimators of the marginal causal odds ratio, addressing these issues for matched and unmatched case‐control designs when utilizing the knowledge of the known prevalence of being a case. The estimators are implemented in simulations where their finite sample properties are studied and approximations of their variances are derived with the delta method. Also, we illustrate the methods by analyzing the effect of low birth weight on the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus using data from the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Register, a nationwide population‐based incidence register. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:0277-6715
1097-0258
1097-0258
DOI:10.1002/sim.5826