Atomically Dispersed Metals on Well-Defined Supports including Zeolites and Metal–Organic Frameworks: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Catalysis

When metals in supported catalysts are atomically dispersed, they are usually cationic and bonded chemically to supports. Investigations of noble metals in this class are growing rapidly, leading to discoveries of catalysts with new properties. Characterization of these materials is challenging beca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical reviews 2020-11, Vol.120 (21), p.11956-11985
Main Authors: Babucci, Melike, Guntida, Adisak, Gates, Bruce C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption spectroscopy
Catalysis
Catalysts
Chemical bonds
Density functional theory
Dispersion
extended x-ray absorption fine structure
General Chemistry
hydrocarbons
Infrared spectroscopy
INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Metal-organic frameworks
Metals
Noble metals
Oxidation
Reactivity
Shift reaction
Spectrum analysis
transition metals
X ray absorption
Zeolites
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Summary:When metals in supported catalysts are atomically dispersed, they are usually cationic and bonded chemically to supports. Investigations of noble metals in this class are growing rapidly, leading to discoveries of catalysts with new properties. Characterization of these materials is challenging because the metal atoms reside on surfaces that are typically nonuniform in composition and structure. We posit that understanding of structures and catalytic properties of these materials is emerging most strongly from investigations of structurally uniform catalysts (metal atoms dispersed on crystalline supports) which can be characterized incisively with atomic-resolution electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy, bolstered by density functional theory. We assess the literature of such catalysts supported on zeotype materials, metal–organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks. Assessing characterization, reactivity, and catalytic performance of catalysts for oxidation, hydrogenation, the water–gas shift reaction, and others, we consider metal–support interactions and ligand effects for various metal–support combinations, evaluating the degree of structural uniformity of exemplary catalysts and summarizing structure–reactivity and structure–catalytic property relationships.
ISSN:0009-2665
1520-6890
1520-6890
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00864