Calcium-dependent regulation of cyclic photosynthetic electron transfer by a CAS, ANR1, and PGRL1 complex

Cyclic photosynthetic electron flow (CEF) is crucial to photosynthesis because it participates in the control of chloroplast energy and redox metabolism, and it is particularly induced under adverse environmental conditions. Here we report that down-regulation of the chloroplast localized Ca ²⁺ sens...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2012-10, Vol.109 (43), p.17717-17722
Main Authors: Terashima, Mia, Petroutsos, Dimitris, Hüdig, Meike, Tolstygina, Irina, Trompelt, Kerstin, Gäbelein, Philipp, Fufezan, Christian, Kudla, Jörg, Weinl, Stefan, Finazzi, Giovanni, Hippler, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acclimation
Algae
Anaerobic conditions
anaerobiosis
Animals
Apsides
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences
Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism
Caenorhabditis elegans - physiology
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - metabolism
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - physiology
Calcium
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chloroplasts
Communication
Computer Systems
Density
Electron transfer
Electron Transport
Electrons
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
energy
Fluorescence
Forms and Records Control
Gene expression
Genotype & phenotype
hypoxia
Life Sciences
Medical Records
microRNA
multiprotein complexes
phenotype
Photosynthesis
Plant cells
Proteins
RNA interference
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Thylakoids
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Summary:Cyclic photosynthetic electron flow (CEF) is crucial to photosynthesis because it participates in the control of chloroplast energy and redox metabolism, and it is particularly induced under adverse environmental conditions. Here we report that down-regulation of the chloroplast localized Ca ²⁺ sensor (CAS) protein by an RNAi approach in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii results in strong inhibition of CEF under anoxia. Importantly, this inhibition is rescued by an increase in the extracellular Ca ²⁺ concentration, inferring that CEF is Ca ²⁺-dependent. Furthermore, we identified a protein, anaerobic response 1 (ANR1), that is also required for effective acclimation to anaerobiosis. Depletion of ANR1 by artificial microRNA expression mimics the CAS-depletion phenotype, and under anaerobic conditions the two proteins coexist within a large active photosystem I-cytochrome b ₆/f complex. Moreover, we provide evidence that CAS and ANR1 interact with each other as well as with PGR5-Like 1 (PGRL1) in vivo. Overall our data establish a Ca ²⁺-dependent regulation of CEF via the combined function of ANR1, CAS, and PGRL1, associated with each other in a multiprotein complex.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1207118109