The presence of nightmares as a screening tool for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in burn survivors

Recurrent nightmares can be a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study evaluated the method of asking burn survivors about nightmares as a screening tool for the presence of PTSD symptomatology. The presence of nightmares in 85 individuals treated at the Burn Center in Uppsala, Sw...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of burn care & research 2006-09, Vol.27 (5), p.727-733
Main Authors: LOW, Aili Janina F, DYSTER-AAS, Johan, KILDAL, Morten, EKSELIUS, Lisa, GERDIN, Bengt, WILLEBRAND, Mimmie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Burns
Burns - psychology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dermatology
Dreams
Female
Humans
Male
Mass Screening - methods
Medical sciences
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
Middle Aged
Predictive Value of Tests
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Sensitivity and Specificity
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis
Surveys and Questionnaires
Survivors - psychology
Sweden
Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents
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Summary:Recurrent nightmares can be a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study evaluated the method of asking burn survivors about nightmares as a screening tool for the presence of PTSD symptomatology. The presence of nightmares in 85 individuals treated at the Burn Center in Uppsala, Sweden, between 1996 and 2000 (23 women, 62 men, average age 47 years, average burn size 17% TBSA, average time after burn 3.6 years) was evaluated by one question from the Burn Specific Health Scale (BSHS) and by using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for nightmares. PTSD symptomatology was assessed with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. Sensitivity, Specificity, Discriminant Ability, and Likelihood Ratios for a positive and a negative result were calculated to evaluate the screening questions. As many as 46% of the burn survivors reported nightmares of some frequency in the BSHS and as many as 28% when using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria. Both approaches were useful tools for detecting or ruling out PTSD symptoms. The best Discriminant Ability was achieved with a screening test using the BSHS item "I have nightmares." Screening questions for presence of nightmares after burns can be useful in detecting PTSD symptomatology.
ISSN:1559-047X
1559-0488
DOI:10.1097/01.BCR.0000238092.57817.7A