Remote Driving of Road Vehicles: A Survey of Driving Feedback, Latency, Support Control, and Real Applications

This literature survey explores the domain of remote driving of road vehicles within autonomous vehicles, focusing on challenges and state-of-the-art solutions related to driving feedback, latency, support control, as well as remote driving platform and real applications. The advancement towards Lev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on intelligent vehicles 2024, p.1-22
Main Authors: Zhao, Lin, Nybacka, Mikael, Aramrattana, Maytheewat, Rothhamel, Malte, Habibovic, Azra, Drugge, Lars, Jiang, Frank
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
autonomous vehicles
Cameras
driving feedback
Force feedback
latency
Location awareness
Remote driving
situational awareness
support control
Surveys
Task analysis
teleoperation
Vehicles
Visualization
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Summary:This literature survey explores the domain of remote driving of road vehicles within autonomous vehicles, focusing on challenges and state-of-the-art solutions related to driving feedback, latency, support control, as well as remote driving platform and real applications. The advancement towards Level-5 autonomy faces challenges, including sensor reliability and diverse scenario feasibility. Currently, remote driving is identified as vital for commercialization, however, it comes with challenges like low situational awareness, latency, and a lack of comprehensive feedback mechanisms. Solutions proposed include enhancing visual feedback, developing haptic feedback, employing prediction techniques, and use control methods to support driver. This paper reviews the existing literature on remote driving in these fields, revealing research gaps and areas for future studies. Additionally, this paper reviews the industry applications of remote driving and shows the state-of-art use cases.
ISSN:2379-8858
2379-8904
2379-8904
DOI:10.1109/TIV.2024.3362597