European COMPARative Effectiveness research on blended Depression treatment versus treatment-as-usual (E-COMPARED): study protocol for a randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial in eight European countries

• Published in: Current controlled trials in cardiovascular medicine 2016-08, Vol.17 (1), p.387-387, Article 387
• Main Authors: Kleiboer, Annet, Smit, Jan, Bosmans, Judith, Ruwaard, Jeroen, Andersson, Gerhard, Topooco, Naira, Berger, Thomas, Krieger, Tobias, Botella, Cristina, Baños, Rosa, Chevreul, Karine, Araya, Ricardo, Cerga-Pashoja, Arlinda, Cieślak, Roman, Rogala, Anna, Vis, Christiaan, Draisma, Stasja, van Schaik, Anneke, Kemmeren, Lise, Ebert, David, Berking, Matthias, Funk, Burkhardt, Cuijpers, Pim, Riper, Heleen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adults; Behavior modification; Blended treatment; Care and treatment; Clinical Protocols; Clinical trials; Cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT); Cognitive therapy; Cognitive Therapy - economics; Comparative Effectiveness Research; Comparative effectiveness research (CER); Cost analysis; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Cost-effectiveness; Depression; Depression, Mental; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis; Depressive Disorder, Major - economics; Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology; Depressive Disorder, Major - therapy; Economic aspects; eHealth; Europe; Health Care Costs; Health care policy; Health services; Humans; iCBT; Internet; Internet-based treatment; Management; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Mental health care; Outpatient care facilities; Patients; Prevention; Primary care; Primary Health Care; Psychiatric services; Psychotherapy; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Randomized controlled trial (RCT); Remission Induction; Research Design; Smartphones; Study Protocol; Surveys and Questionnaires; Therapists; Therapy; Therapy, Computer-Assisted - economics; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1745-6215; 1745-6215
• DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1511-1

Effective, accessible, and affordable depression treatment is of high importance considering the large personal and economic burden of depression. Internet-based treatment is considered a promising clinical and cost-effective alternative to current routine depression treatment strategies such as face-to-face psychotherapy. However, it is not clear whether research findings translate to routine clinical practice such as primary or specialized mental health care. The E-COMPARED project aims to gain knowledge on the clinical and cost-effectiveness of blended depression treatment compared to treatment-as-usual in routine care. E-COMPARED will employ a pragmatic, multinational, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial in eight European countries. Adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) will be recruited in primary care (Germany, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) or specialized mental health care (France, The Netherlands, and Switzerland). Regular care for depression is compared to "blended" service delivery combining mobile and Internet technologies with face-to-face treatment in one treatment protocol. Participants will be followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months after baseline to determine clinical improvements in symptoms of depression (primary outcome: Patient Health Questionnaire-9), remission of depression, and cost-effectiveness. Main analyses will be conducted on the pooled data from the eight countries (n = 1200 in total, 150 participants in each country). The E-COMPARED project will provide mental health care stakeholders with evidence-based information and recommendations on the clinical and cost-effectiveness of blended depression treatment. France: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02542891 . Registered on 4 September 2015; Germany: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00006866 . Registered on 2 December 2014; The Netherlands: Netherlands Trials Register NTR4962 . Registered on 5 January 2015; Poland: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02389660 . Registered on 18 February 2015; Spain: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02361684 . Registered on 8 January 2015; Sweden: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02449447 . Registered on 30 March 2015; Switzerland: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02410616 . Registered on 2 April 2015; United Kingdom: ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN12388725 . Registered on 20 March 2015.