Smoking, alcohol and family history of cancer as risk factors for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 2017-08, Vol.52 (8), p.797-802
• Main Authors: Haugvik, Sven-Petter, Basim Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Hedenström, Per, Valente, Roberto, Hayes, Alastair J, Siuka, Darko, Gladhaug, Ivar Prydz, Capurso, Gabriele
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects; epidemiology; Family Health; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology; Intestinal Neoplasms - genetics; Medical History Taking; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; meta-analysis; NET; Neuroendocrine Tumors - epidemiology; Neuroendocrine Tumors - genetics; Pedigree; Risk Assessment; risk factor; Risk Factors; SI-NET; small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor; Smoking - adverse effects
• ISSN: 0036-5521; 1502-7708; 1502-7708
• DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1310290

Objectives: Risk factors for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are not well understood. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify risk factors for SI-NET and to further assess these by meta-analysis. Material and methods: PubMed and abstracts from the ENETS and NANETS were searched for studies published until May 2015. Eligible studies were selected according to the PRISMA statement. Results: Seven studies evaluating six individual populations were included (study accrual period 1980-2012) in the meta-analysis, involving 765 (range 17-325) cases and 502,282 (range 52-498,376) controls. All studies were case-control by design. The following risk factors were reported in ≥2 studies: family history of any cancer, family history of colorectal cancer, ever alcohol use and ever smoking. The pooled OR was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.12-1.60; p