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Occurrence and Gas-Particle Partitioning of Organic UV-Filters in Urban Air
A retrospective analysis of a comprehensive series of high-volume air samples ( = 70) collected during 2010-2011 in Toronto (Canada) was performed. Seven UV compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) with sum of concentrations (gas + particle phase) ranging fro...
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| Published in: | Environmental science & technology 2020-10, Vol.54 (20), p.12881-12889 |
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| creator | Pegoraro, César N Harner, Tom Su, Ky Ahrens, Lutz |
| description | A retrospective analysis of a comprehensive series of high-volume air samples (
= 70) collected during 2010-2011 in Toronto (Canada) was performed. Seven UV compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) with sum of concentrations (gas + particle phase) ranging from 80 to 2030 pg/m
. Homosalate (HMS) was the most prevalent organic UV-filter in air (47% of the total concentration), followed by 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS, ∼29%), E- and Z-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC, ∼17%). Ambient air (gas + particle phase) concentrations of organic UV-filters showed a strong seasonality, with peak levels during the summer. An analysis of Clausius-Clapeyron slopes indicated that much of the ambient burden of organic UV-filters are explained by volatilization from terrestrial and aquatic surfaces and supplemented with human activities and use of lotions and sunscreens, containing organic UV-filters, in addition to its use in plastics, textiles, paints, and pesticides. The results showed that organic UV-filters exist mainly in the gas phase with some exceptions, for instance, octocrylene (OCR), which was associated with both gas and particle phases, and avobenzone (AVB), which was predominantly in the particle phase. Lastly, this study revealed the need for basic physical chemical property data for organic UV-filters, including information on transformation rates and products, for better evaluating their environmental fate and effects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.est.0c02665 |
| format | article |
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. Homosalate (HMS) was the most prevalent organic UV-filter in air (47% of the total concentration), followed by 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS, ∼29%), E- and Z-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC, ∼17%). Ambient air (gas + particle phase) concentrations of organic UV-filters showed a strong seasonality, with peak levels during the summer. An analysis of Clausius-Clapeyron slopes indicated that much of the ambient burden of organic UV-filters are explained by volatilization from terrestrial and aquatic surfaces and supplemented with human activities and use of lotions and sunscreens, containing organic UV-filters, in addition to its use in plastics, textiles, paints, and pesticides. The results showed that organic UV-filters exist mainly in the gas phase with some exceptions, for instance, octocrylene (OCR), which was associated with both gas and particle phases, and avobenzone (AVB), which was predominantly in the particle phase. Lastly, this study revealed the need for basic physical chemical property data for organic UV-filters, including information on transformation rates and products, for better evaluating their environmental fate and effects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02665</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32924452</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Canada ; Climate Research ; Environmental effects ; Filters ; Gas chromatography ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Klimatforskning ; Lotions ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning ; Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences ; Octocrylene ; Pesticides ; Polymers ; Retrospective Studies ; Salicylic acid ; Seasonal variations ; Sun screens ; Sunscreening Agents - analysis ; Sunscreens ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Terrestrial environments ; Textiles ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Vapor phases ; Volatilization</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2020-10, Vol.54 (20), p.12881-12889</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Oct 20, 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9d7c1df42404b1080d5cea0c60f8453a21a96050ddcb274114ec842fd095574c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9d7c1df42404b1080d5cea0c60f8453a21a96050ddcb274114ec842fd095574c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5430-6764 ; 0000-0003-1715-3217 ; 0000-0001-9026-3645</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32924452$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://res.slu.se/id/publ/108954$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pegoraro, César N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harner, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Ky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahrens, Lutz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><title>Occurrence and Gas-Particle Partitioning of Organic UV-Filters in Urban Air</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Technol</addtitle><description>A retrospective analysis of a comprehensive series of high-volume air samples (
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. Homosalate (HMS) was the most prevalent organic UV-filter in air (47% of the total concentration), followed by 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS, ∼29%), E- and Z-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC, ∼17%). Ambient air (gas + particle phase) concentrations of organic UV-filters showed a strong seasonality, with peak levels during the summer. An analysis of Clausius-Clapeyron slopes indicated that much of the ambient burden of organic UV-filters are explained by volatilization from terrestrial and aquatic surfaces and supplemented with human activities and use of lotions and sunscreens, containing organic UV-filters, in addition to its use in plastics, textiles, paints, and pesticides. The results showed that organic UV-filters exist mainly in the gas phase with some exceptions, for instance, octocrylene (OCR), which was associated with both gas and particle phases, and avobenzone (AVB), which was predominantly in the particle phase. Lastly, this study revealed the need for basic physical chemical property data for organic UV-filters, including information on transformation rates and products, for better evaluating their environmental fate and effects.</description><subject>Canada</subject><subject>Climate Research</subject><subject>Environmental effects</subject><subject>Filters</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Klimatforskning</subject><subject>Lotions</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning</subject><subject>Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences</subject><subject>Octocrylene</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Salicylic acid</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><subject>Sun screens</subject><subject>Sunscreening Agents - analysis</subject><subject>Sunscreens</subject><subject>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Terrestrial environments</subject><subject>Textiles</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Vapor phases</subject><subject>Volatilization</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9kM9LwzAYhoMobk7P3iTgud2XNOmP4xhuioN5cOItpEk6Mrp0Ji3if2_n6k7vd3ifl48HoXsCMQFKplKF2IQ2BgU0TfkFGhNOIeI5J5doDECSqEjSzxG6CWEHADSB_BqNElpQxjgdo9e1Up33ximDpdN4KUP0Jn1rVW3w39Haxlm3xU2F134rnVV48xEtbN0aH7B1eONL6fDM-lt0Vck6mLshJ2izeHqfP0er9fJlPltFigFvo0JniuiKUQasJJCD5spIUClUOeOJpEQWKXDQWpU0Y4Qwo3JGKw0F5xlTyQTFp93wbQ5dKQ7e7qX_EY20ItRdKf0xRDCiXy8464HHE3DwzVfX-xK7pvOu_1FQxhkpMsjyvjU9tZRvQvCmOg8TEEfborctjvRguyceht2u3Bt97v_rTX4Bd4V7Pw</recordid><startdate>20201020</startdate><enddate>20201020</enddate><creator>Pegoraro, César N</creator><creator>Harner, Tom</creator><creator>Su, Ky</creator><creator>Ahrens, Lutz</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-6764</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-3217</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-3645</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201020</creationdate><title>Occurrence and Gas-Particle Partitioning of Organic UV-Filters in Urban Air</title><author>Pegoraro, César N ; Harner, Tom ; Su, Ky ; Ahrens, Lutz</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9d7c1df42404b1080d5cea0c60f8453a21a96050ddcb274114ec842fd095574c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Canada</topic><topic>Climate Research</topic><topic>Environmental effects</topic><topic>Filters</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Klimatforskning</topic><topic>Lotions</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning</topic><topic>Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences</topic><topic>Octocrylene</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Salicylic acid</topic><topic>Seasonal variations</topic><topic>Sun screens</topic><topic>Sunscreening Agents - analysis</topic><topic>Sunscreens</topic><topic>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Terrestrial environments</topic><topic>Textiles</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>Vapor phases</topic><topic>Volatilization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pegoraro, César N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harner, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Ky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahrens, Lutz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pegoraro, César N</au><au>Harner, Tom</au><au>Su, Ky</au><au>Ahrens, Lutz</au><aucorp>Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Occurrence and Gas-Particle Partitioning of Organic UV-Filters in Urban Air</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Technol</addtitle><date>2020-10-20</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>12881</spage><epage>12889</epage><pages>12881-12889</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><abstract>A retrospective analysis of a comprehensive series of high-volume air samples (
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. Homosalate (HMS) was the most prevalent organic UV-filter in air (47% of the total concentration), followed by 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS, ∼29%), E- and Z-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC, ∼17%). Ambient air (gas + particle phase) concentrations of organic UV-filters showed a strong seasonality, with peak levels during the summer. An analysis of Clausius-Clapeyron slopes indicated that much of the ambient burden of organic UV-filters are explained by volatilization from terrestrial and aquatic surfaces and supplemented with human activities and use of lotions and sunscreens, containing organic UV-filters, in addition to its use in plastics, textiles, paints, and pesticides. The results showed that organic UV-filters exist mainly in the gas phase with some exceptions, for instance, octocrylene (OCR), which was associated with both gas and particle phases, and avobenzone (AVB), which was predominantly in the particle phase. Lastly, this study revealed the need for basic physical chemical property data for organic UV-filters, including information on transformation rates and products, for better evaluating their environmental fate and effects.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>32924452</pmid><doi>10.1021/acs.est.0c02665</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-6764</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-3217</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-3645</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2020-10, Vol.54 (20), p.12881-12889 |
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| source | American Chemical Society:Jisc Collections:American Chemical Society Read & Publish Agreement 2022-2024 (Reading list) |
| subjects | Canada Climate Research Environmental effects Filters Gas chromatography Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Klimatforskning Lotions Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Octocrylene Pesticides Polymers Retrospective Studies Salicylic acid Seasonal variations Sun screens Sunscreening Agents - analysis Sunscreens Tandem Mass Spectrometry Terrestrial environments Textiles Ultraviolet radiation Vapor phases Volatilization |
| title | Occurrence and Gas-Particle Partitioning of Organic UV-Filters in Urban Air |
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