Comparable potent coronary constrictor effects of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 in humans

• Published in: Circulation (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 1996-11, Vol.94 (9), p.2077-2082
• Main Authors: PERNOW, J, KAIJSER, L, LUNDBERG, J. M, AHLBORG, G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiovascular system; Coronary Circulation - drug effects; Coronary Vessels - drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelin-1 - biosynthesis; Endothelin-1 - blood; Endothelin-1 - pharmacology; Endothelins - blood; Endothelins - metabolism; Endothelins - pharmacology; Hemodynamics - drug effects; Humans; Investigative techniques of hemodynamics; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Male; Medical sciences; Protein Precursors - blood; Protein Precursors - metabolism; Protein Precursors - pharmacology; Vasoconstriction - drug effects
• ISSN: 0009-7322; 1524-4539
• DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.94.9.2077

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor produced from the precursor big ET-1 in endothelial cells. The coronary effects of these peptides in humans in vivo are unknown. Therefore, the effects of ET-1 and big ET-1 on coronary blood flow in relation to plasma ET-1 and big ET-1 levels were compared in healthy subjects. The peptides were infused intravenously at the rates of 0.2, 1, and 8 pmol/kg per minute. Each dose administered for 20 minutes except the highest dose of ET-1, which was administered for 10 minutes. ET-1 and big ET-1 evoked dose-related increases in mean arterial blood pressure from 93 +/- 4 to 107 +/- 4 mm Hg and from 89 +/- 2 to 122 +/- 5 mm Hg, respectively, at the highest dose. ET-1 and big ET-1 reduced coronary sinus blood flow, measured with thermodilution by a maximum of 25 +/- 4% and 28 +/- 8% and increased coronary vascular resistance by 50 +/- 9% and 107 +/- 26%, respectively. Coronary sinus, but not arterial, oxygen saturation was reduced in parallel with the coronary sinus blood flow. The effects of ET-1 and big ET-1 were similar at corresponding time points. During infusion of ET-1, a 19 +/- 5% extraction of ET-1 was observed over the coronary vascular bed (P < .05). Administration of big ET-1 elevated arterial plasma ET-1 levels by 2.4-fold, and after correction for the local extraction of ET-1, a myocardial production of ET-1 was observed. ET-1 and big ET-1 induce comparable increases in blood pressure and coronary constriction in humans in vivo. The results also suggest a net local removal of circulating ET-1 and big ET-1 and a local conversion of big ET-1 into ET-1 within the coronary vascular bed.