Long-Term Effects of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

A total of 161 patients transplanted between 1978 and 1991 and who had survived at least 2 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were studied. Of 161 surviving patients, 28 (17.4%) were positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) either by serology or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Blood 1995-08, Vol.86 (4), p.1614-1618
Main Authors: Ljungman, P., Johansson, N., Aschan, J., Glaumann, H., Lonnqvist, B., Ringden, O., Sparrelid, E., Sonnerborg, A., Winiarski, J., Gahrton, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Anemia - therapy
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Biological and medical sciences
Bone Marrow Transplantation - adverse effects
Bone marrow, stem cells transplantation. Graft versus host reaction
Graft vs Host Disease - complications
Hepatitis C - complications
Hepatitis C - epidemiology
Humans
Leukemia - therapy
Liver Diseases - complications
Medical sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Time Factors
Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy
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Summary:A total of 161 patients transplanted between 1978 and 1991 and who had survived at least 2 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were studied. Of 161 surviving patients, 28 (17.4%) were positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) either by serology or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty-five patients were positive for HCV RNA by PCR, and 26 of the 28 patients had HCV antibodies detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median follow-up time of HCV-positive patients was 6.1 years (range, 2.8 to 14.0 years). There was no difference in the frequency or degree of liver dysfunction between patients who were PCR-positive or -negative before BMT. Six patients developed severe liver dysfunction after BMT, and five of these patients did so after discontinuation or tapering of immunosuppression. No patient has developed liver failure. Serum transaminases were abnormal at the time of last follow up in 19 of 28 (68%) patients. Fifteen patients have had liver biopsies. No biopsy showed development of cirrhosis. We conclude that HCV is not a major contributing factor to morbidity and mortality during the first 5 to 10 years after allogeneic BMT.
ISSN:0006-4971
1528-0020
DOI:10.1182/blood.V86.4.1614.bloodjournal8641614