Management of Recurrent Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in the Neck: A Comprehensive Review

Surgery has been historically the preferred primary treatment for patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and for selected locoregional recurrences. Adjuvant therapy with radioactive iodine is typically recommended for patients with an intermediate to high risk of recurrence. Despite the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2023-02, Vol.15 (3), p.923
Main Authors: Cavalheiro, Beatriz G, Shah, Jatin P, Randolph, Gregory W, Medina, Jesus E, Tufano, Ralph P, Zafereo, Mark, Hartl, Dana M, Nixon, Iain J, Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando, Vander Poorten, Vincent, López, Fernando, Khafif, Avi Hefetz, Owen, Randall P, Shaha, Ashok, Rodrigo, Juan P, Rinaldo, Alessandra, Mäkitie, Antti A, Silver, Carl E, Sanabria, Alvaro, Kowalski, Luiz P, Ferlito, Alfio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
Care and treatment
Classification
Decision making
Disease
Iodine
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical prognosis
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Metastasis
Patient outcomes
Patients
Radiation therapy
Review
Surgeons
Surgery
Surveillance
Survival
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid carcinoma
Tomography
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Surgery has been historically the preferred primary treatment for patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and for selected locoregional recurrences. Adjuvant therapy with radioactive iodine is typically recommended for patients with an intermediate to high risk of recurrence. Despite these treatments, locally advanced disease and locoregional relapses are not infrequent. These patients have a prolonged overall survival that may result in long periods of active disease and the possibility of requiring subsequent treatments. Recently, many new options have emerged as salvage therapies. This review offers a comprehensive discussion and considerations regarding surgery, active surveillance, radioactive iodine therapy, ultrasonography-guided percutaneous ablation, external beam radiotherapy, and systemic therapy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer based on relevant publications and current reference guidelines. We feel that the surgical member of the thyroid cancer management team is empowered by being aware and facile with all management options.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers15030923