Neonatal jaundice, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and familial effects: A Swedish register study with sibling analysis

Aim Neonatal jaundice is associated with higher risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but it is unclear if the association is influenced by genetic and other familial factors. In this large population‐based study, we investigated the association between neonatal jaundice and ADHD...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta Paediatrica 2021-02, Vol.110 (2), p.473-479
Main Authors: Le Ray, Isabelle, Wang, Chen, Almqvist, Catarina, Lichtenstein, Paul, D’Onofrio, Brian M., Johansson, Stefan, Larsson, Henrik, Rosenqvist, Mina A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Child
Cohort Studies
Congenital defects
Female
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Jaundice
Jaundice, Neonatal - epidemiology
Jaundice, Neonatal - genetics
neonatal jaundice
Neonates
Population studies
Pregnancy
register study
Risk Factors
Siblings
Sweden - epidemiology
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Summary:Aim Neonatal jaundice is associated with higher risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but it is unclear if the association is influenced by genetic and other familial factors. In this large population‐based study, we investigated the association between neonatal jaundice and ADHD while adjusting for familial factors. Methods We linked several Swedish registers to identify all singleton births without congenital malformations between 1992 and 2000 (n = 814 420, including 384 290 full siblings) and followed them up until 2009. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between neonatal jaundice and ADHD, adjusting for pregnancy, delivery and neonatal characteristics including prematurity, and parental age and education. We repeated the analyses among siblings to adjust for shared familial factors. Results At a population level, children treated for neonatal jaundice had an increased risk of ADHD (adjusted HR (aHR): 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.22). In the sibling comparisons, there was no clear association between neonatal jaundice and ADHD (aHR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.82‐1.29). Conclusion We found no evidence of an independent association between neonatal jaundice and ADHD within siblings in this large population‐based study, suggesting that the association is probably influenced by shared familial factors, such as parental genetic and/or lifestyle effects.
ISSN:0803-5253
1651-2227
1651-2227
DOI:10.1111/apa.15475