Eye Movements During Action Observation

An important element in social interactions is predicting the goals of others, including the goals of others' manual actions. Over a decade ago, Flanagan and Johansson demonstrated that, when observing other people reaching for objects, the observer's gaze arrives at the goal before the ac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Perspectives on psychological science 2015-09, Vol.10 (5), p.591-598
Main Authors: Gredebäck, Gustaf, Falck-Ytter, Terje
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
action
Brain
Brain - growth & development
Brain - physiology
Causality
Circuits
development: infant
Eye fixation
Eye movements
Eye Movements - physiology
Eye tracking
Humans
Infants
Motion Perception - physiology
neuroscience
Objectives
Predictions
Social cognition
Social interaction
Social Perception
Tracking
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
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Summary:An important element in social interactions is predicting the goals of others, including the goals of others' manual actions. Over a decade ago, Flanagan and Johansson demonstrated that, when observing other people reaching for objects, the observer's gaze arrives at the goal before the action is completed. Moreover, those authors proposed that this behavior was mediated by an embodied process, which takes advantage of the observer's motor knowledge. Here, we scrutinize work that has followed that seminal article. We include studies on adults that have used combined eye tracking and transcranial magnetic stimulation technologies to test causal hypotheses about underlying brain circuits. We also include developmental studies on human infants. We conclude that, although several aspects of the embodied process of predictive eye movements remain to be clarified, current evidence strongly suggests that the motor system plays a causal role in guiding predictive gaze shifts that focus on another person's future goal. The early emergence of the predictive gaze in infant development underlines its importance for social cognition and interaction.
ISSN:1745-6916
1745-6924
1745-6924
DOI:10.1177/1745691615589103