Celiac disease confers a 1.6-fold increased risk of asthma: A nationwide population-based cohort study

• Published in: Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2011-04, Vol.127 (4), p.1071-1073.e4
• Main Authors: Ludvigsson, Jonas F., PhD, Hemminki, Kari, PhD, Wahlström, Jan, PhD, Almqvist, Catarina, PhD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Allergy and Immunology; Asthma; Asthma - complications; Asthma - epidemiology; Biological and medical sciences; Biopsy; Body mass index; Calendars; Celiac disease; Celiac Disease - complications; Celiac Disease - epidemiology; Classification; Clinical Medicine; Cohort Studies; Diabetes; Eczema; Estimates; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Health risk assessment; Histopathology; Humans; Immunopathology; Klinisk medicin; Lungmedicin och allergi; Lymphocytes; Male; Medical and Health Sciences; Medical sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Middle Aged; Other diseases. Semiology; Patients; Population; Respiratory Medicine and Allergy; Risk Factors; Sarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Tuberculosis; Vitamin deficiency; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0091-6749; 1097-6825; 1097-6825
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.1076

[...]this study found a positive association between CD and asthma. Comparison of small intestinal histopathology classifications Characteristics Matched controls CD Total, n 140,295 28,281 Age at study entry (y), median (range) 31 (0-95) 31 (0-95) Attained age (y), median (range) 41 (1-105) 41 (1-100) Age 0-19 y, n (%) 56,643 (40.4) 11,334 (40.1) Age 20-39 y, n (%) 25,841 (18.4) 5,199 (18.4) Age 40-59 y, n (%) 31,671 (22.6) 6,375 (22.5) Age >=60 y, n (%) 26,140 (18.6) 5,373 (19.0) Entry year, median (range) 1997 (1969-2008) 1997 (1969-2008) Follow-up,[low *] (y), median (range) 9 (0-40) 9 (0-38) Follow-up,[low *] (y), mean ± SD 10.4 ± 6.4 10.1 ± 6.4 Females, n (%) 87,314 (62.2) 17,560 (62.1) Males, n (%) 52,981 (37.8) 10,721 (37.9) Calendar year   1989 and before, n (%) 20,148 (14.4) 4,066 (14.4) 1990-1999, n (%) 58,664 (41.8) 11,808 (41.8) 2000 and after, n (%) 61,483 (43.8) 12,407 (43.9) Type 1 diabetes, n (%) 524 (0.4) 884 (3.1) [low *] Characteristics of study participants Subanalyses: CD and risk of later asthma HR; 95% CI Adjustment for  Type 1 diabetes 1.61; 1.50-1.72 Education 1.62; 1.52-1.74 Smoking and body mass index 1.65, 1.18-2.29 Cesarean section 1.64; 1.50-1.78 Exclusions  Excluding the first year of follow-up 1.55; 1.44-1.67 Excluding individuals with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, or pneumonia 1.60; 1.49-1.72 Additional requirements for the diagnosis of asthma  Diagnosis of asthma with a record of asthma medication 1.55; 1.43-1.67 Diagnosis of asthma and at least 1 more atopic disorder (allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, or eczema) 1.78; 1.58-2.00 [low *] Characteristics of study participants Additional results