Patterns of Multiple Myeloma During the Past 5 Decades: Stable Incidence Rates for All Age Groups in the Population but Rapidly Changing Age Distribution in the Clinic

• Published in: Mayo Clinic proceedings 2010-03, Vol.85 (3), p.225-230
• Main Authors: Turesson, Ingemar, MD, PhD, Velez, Ramon, MSc, PhD, Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y., MD, PhD, Landgren, Ola, MD, PhD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Clinical Medicine; Demographic aspects; Epidemiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; General aspects; Humans; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Incidence; Internal Medicine; Klinisk medicin; Male; Medical and Health Sciences; Medical sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Middle Aged; Multiple myeloma; Multiple Myeloma - epidemiology; Original; Population biology; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Sweden - epidemiology; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0025-6196; 1942-5546; 1942-5546
• DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2009.0426

OBJECTIVE To define age-adjusted incidence trends in multiple myeloma (MM) in a well-characterized population during a long period, given that some, but not all, studies have reported increasing MM incidence over time and that clinical experience from some centers suggests an increased incidence mainly in younger age groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified all patients (N=773) with MM diagnosed in Malmö, Sweden, from January 1, 1950, through December 31, 2005. Using census data for the population of Malmö, we calculated age- and sex-specific incidence rates. Incidence rates were also calculated for 10-year birth cohorts. Analyses for trends were performed using the Poisson regression. RESULTS From 1950 through 2005, the average annual age-adjusted (European standard population) incidence rate remained stable (Poisson regression, P =.07 for men and P =.67 for women). Also, comparisons between 10-year birth cohorts (from 1870-1879 to 1970-1979) failed to detect any increase. Between 1950-1959 and 2000-2005, the median age at diagnosis of MM increased from 70 to 74 years, and the proportion of newly diagnosed patients aged 80 years or older increased from 16% to 31%. CONCLUSION Our finding of stable MM incidence rates for all age groups during the past 5 decades suggests that recent clinical observations of an increase of MM in the young may reflect an increased referral stream of younger patients with MM, which in turn might be a consequence of improved access to better MM therapies. Importantly, because of the aging population, the proportion of patients with MM aged 80 years or older doubled between 1950-1959 and 2000-2005.