Ropivacaine vs bupivacaine in major surgery in infants

To assess and compare the onset time and duration of neuroblockade obtained after ropivacaine or bupivacaine in infants undergoing major abdominal surgery. We also evaluated the efficacy and safety of employing ropivacaine instead of bupivacaine to provide operative anesthesia and postoperative anal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of anesthesia 1999-05, Vol.46 (5), p.467-469
Main Authors: IVANI, G, LAMPUGNAN, E, DE NEGRI, P, LONNQVIST, P.-A, BROADMAN, L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amides - pharmacology
Anesthesia, Epidural
Anesthetics, Local - pharmacology
Anesthetics. Neuromuscular blocking agents
Biological and medical sciences
Bupivacaine - pharmacology
Double-Blind Method
Hemodynamics - drug effects
Humans
Infant
Medical sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Neuropharmacology
Pain, Postoperative - drug therapy
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prospective Studies
Time Factors
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Summary:To assess and compare the onset time and duration of neuroblockade obtained after ropivacaine or bupivacaine in infants undergoing major abdominal surgery. We also evaluated the efficacy and safety of employing ropivacaine instead of bupivacaine to provide operative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. In a prospective double blind study 28 infants, aged 1-12 months, undergoing elective major abdominal surgery, were randomly allocated to receive, after induction of general anesthesia, either 0.7 ml x kg(-1) bupivacaine 0.25% (group B) or ropivacaine 0.2% (group R) via lumbar epidural block. The onset time, total surgical time and duration of analgesia were recorded. No differences were noted in demographic data, hemodynamic variables or duration of surgery. The onset time for sensory blockade was 13.1 min +/- 2.1 (group B) and 11.7 +/- 2.4 min (group R). The duration of analgesia was 491 +/- 291 (group R) and 456 min +/- 247 (group B). Eight patients in group B and six in group R needed codeine and acetaminophen rescue on at least one occasion during the 24 hr study period. No major side effects were noted in either groups. In infants undergoing major abdominal surgery under combined epidural/light general anesthesia, ropivacaine 0.2% produces sensory and motor blockade similar in onset, duration of action and efficacy to that obtained from an equal volume, 0.7 ml x kg(-1), of bupivacaine 0.25%.
ISSN:0832-610X
1496-8975
DOI:10.1007/BF03012947