aMMP-8 POCT vs. Other Potential Biomarkers in Chair-Side Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Severe Periodontitis

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-08, Vol.25 (17), p.9421
• Main Authors: Aji, Nur Rahman Ahmad Seno, Räisänen, Ismo T, Rathnayake, Nilminie, Lundy, Fionnuala T, Mc Crudden, Maelíosa T C, Goyal, Lata, Sorsa, Timo, Gupta, Shipra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Dentists; Female; Gum disease; Humans; Leukocyte Elastase - metabolism; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 - metabolism; Middle Aged; Periodontitis - diagnosis; Periodontitis - metabolism; Periodontitis - therapy; Peroxidase - metabolism; Point-of-Care Systems; Teeth; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - metabolism
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179421

This study aimed to compare several potential mouthrinse biomarkers for periodontitis including active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8), total MMP-8, and other inflammatory biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Thirteen patients with stage III/IV periodontitis were recruited, along with thirteen periodontally and systemically healthy controls. These 13 patients were representative of the number of outpatients visiting any dentist in a single day. Full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters and biomarkers (the aMMP-8 point-of-care-test [POCT], total MMP-8, tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1, the aMMP-8 RFU activity assay, Myeloperoxidase, PMN elastase, calprotectin, and interleukin-6) were recorded at baseline and after nonsurgical therapy at 6 weeks. The aMMP-8 POCT was the most efficient and precise discriminator, with a cut-off of 20 ng/mL found to be optimal. Myeloperoxidase, MMP-8's oxidative activator, was also efficient. Following closely in precision was the aMMP-8 RFU activity assay and PMN elastase. In contrast, the total MMP-8 assay and the other biomarkers were less efficient and precise in distinguishing patients with periodontitis from healthy controls. aMMP-8, MPO, and PMN elastase may form a proteolytic and pro-oxidative tissue destruction cascade in periodontitis, potentially representing a therapeutic target. The aMMP-8 chair-side test with a cut-off of 20 ng/mL was the most efficient and precise discriminator between periodontal health and disease. The aMMP-8 POC test can be effectively used by dental professionals in their dental practices in online and real-time diagnoses as well as in monitoring periodontal disease and educating and encouraging good oral practices among patients.