Neuroendocrine–immune interactions in fish: a role for interleukin-1

Bi-directional communication between the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)-axis and the sympathetic nervous system with the immune system is crucial to ensure homeostasis. Shared use of ligands and especially receptors forms a key component of this bi-directional interaction. Glucocorticoids (GC)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 2002-09, Vol.87 (3), p.467-479
Main Authors: Engelsma, Marc Y, Huising, Mark O, van Muiswinkel, Willem B, Flik, Gert, Kwang, Jimmy, Savelkoul, Huub F.J, Verburg-van Kemenade, B.M.Lidy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Celbiologie en Immunologie
Cell Biology and Immunology
Cortisol
Cytokines
Fish
Fishes - immunology
Fishes - physiology
Glucocorticoids
HPA
HPI
Immune System - physiology
Interleukin-1
Interleukin-1 - physiology
Interleukin-6 - physiology
Leerstoelgroep Celbiologie en immunologie
Neurosecretory Systems - physiology
Phylogeny
Review
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - physiology
WIAS
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Summary:Bi-directional communication between the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)-axis and the sympathetic nervous system with the immune system is crucial to ensure homeostasis. Shared use of ligands and especially receptors forms a key component of this bi-directional interaction. Glucocorticoids (GC), the major end products of the HPA-axis differentially modulate immune function. Cytokines, especially interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), ensure immune signalling to the neuroendocrine system. In addition, hormones from leukocyte origin such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and β-endorphin, as well as centrally synthesised and secreted cytokines, contribute to the communication network. In teleost fish cortisol is the major product of the hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal (HPI)-axis which is the teleost equivalent of the HPA-axis. Moderate and substantial increases in cortisol during stressful circumstances negatively affect B-lymphocytes, whereas rescue of neutrophilic granulocytes may support innate immunity. Recent elucidation of lower vertebrate cytokine sequences has facilitated research into neuroendocrine–immune interactions in teleosts and the first evidence for a significant function of interleukin-1 in the bi-directional communication is discussed.
ISSN:0165-2427
1873-2534
DOI:10.1016/S0165-2427(02)00077-6