Plant communities can predict the distribution of solitarious desert locust Schistocerca gregaria

• Published in: The Journal of applied ecology 2005-10, Vol.42 (5), p.989-997
• Main Authors: Werf, W. van der, Woldewahid, G, Huis, A. van, Butrous, M, Sykora, K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal populations; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; australian plague locust; Biological and medical sciences; coastal plain soils; Coastal plains; Crop science; Deserts; Environmental monitoring; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Grasses; Heliotropium; Insect control; insect pests; Insecta; Invertebrates; land use; Locusts; Millet; millets; monitoring; multivariate analysis; Plant communities; plant community–insect association; Plant Comunities and Large-Scale Ecology; plant pests; plant-insect relations; Plants; population density; population monitoring; prediction; rain; Rainy seasons; Sampling; sampling efficiency; Schistocerca gregaria; soil texture; Soil water; soil water content
• ISSN: 0021-8901; 1365-2664
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01073.x

1. The desert locust is a migratory pest whose population development in remote areas must be monitored to prevent outbreaks, upsurges and plagues. Monitoring would be very much facilitated if the area of search could be restricted to sites of likely population increase. 2. The spatial distribution of solitarious desert locusts on the Red Sea coastal plain of Sudan was determined over 3 years from November to March. Additional observations were made on habitat factors, such as plant community, soil texture, soil moisture and land use. 3. Locust densities varied according to the amount and distribution of rainfall and longevity of the annual green vegetation, with virtually no locusts being observed in the driest season. 4. Samples on a grid of 120 sites within a 120-km stretch of coastal plain showed that locusts were prevalent only in the millet-Heliotropium plant community, which is found at sites with a fine sandy soil texture and comparatively high and long-lasting soil moisture in wadi deltas. These sites constitute less than 5% of the area of this part of the plain. 5. An accessory study showed association between desert locust distribution and millet cropping in an area where no Heliotropium was found. Other samples confirmed the association between solitarious desert locust and millet agriculture. 6. Synthesis and applications. The results indicate that surveys for early detection and control of desert locust on the Red Sea coast of Sudan can focus on millet cropping areas. The results suggest that the efficiency of monitoring migratory pest outbreaks in remote areas could be enhanced by using associations between plant communities and herbivorous insects to predict risk areas and target survey efforts.